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Table 6B.4. Corrosion volume of samples in ASTM G85 for 360 h. Corrosion Volume (mm 3 ) Primer Only Topcoat & Primer Surface Fastener Ti-6Al-4V 316 CRES Ti-6Al-4V 316 CRES Treatment Primer PreKote Deft 02-GN-084 2.9 4.5 5.2 7.6 Deft 44-GN-098 1.3 2.7 2.0 3.2 ANAC’s P2100P003 1.7 1.7 3.9 6.1 PPG CA7233 4.4 9.05 8.1 7.6 PPG EWDE 144A 3.8 13.1 16.2 29.4 Hentzen 17176 KEP 8.7 11.7 7.2 7.2 Boegel Deft 02-GN-084 6.1 8.2 4.3 9.1 Deft 44-GN-098 1.8 4.2 3.3 5.2 ANAC’s P2100P003 3.2 4.9 3.3 10.8 PPG CA7233 6.0 10.4 5.6 8.8 PPG EWDE 144A 6.5 11.2 7.4 7.6 Hentzen 17176 KEP 13.3 16.4 10.5 11.0 Surtec 650 Deft 02-GN-084 1.4 3.3 1.5 3.1 Deft 44-GN-098 2.2 2.9 2.5 4.7 ANAC’s P2100P003 2.1 3.3 3.0 2.6 PPG CA7233 1.5 2.7 3.4 3.8 PPG EWDE 144A 2.3 3.6 3.0 3.3 Hentzen 17176 KEP 2.2 3.1 1.9 3.7 Alodine 1200S Deft 02-GN-084 1.1 3.1 1.4 2.4 Deft 44-GN-098 1.5 2.2 1.7 3.0 ANAC’s P2100P003 2.7 1.8 1.3 3.1 PPG CA7233 1.7 1.8 2.4 2.3 PPG EWDE 144A 1.8 2.6 1.8 2.8 Hentzen 17176 KEP 2.1 3.0 2.1 2.6 336
Table 6B.5. Corrosion area of samples in ASTM G85 for 360 h. Fastener Corrosion Area (mm 2 ) Primer Only Topcoat & Primer Surface Treatment Primer Ti-6Al-4V 316 CRES Ti-6Al-4V 316 CRES PreKote Deft 02-GN-084 414 516 614 590 Deft 44-GN-098 142 127 109 199 ANAC’s P2100P003 345 457 62 181 PPG CA7233 656 747 537 770 PPG EWDE 144A 580 1194 582 811 Hentzen 17176 KEP 400 357 535 541 Boegel Deft 02-GN-084 372 502 378 417 Deft 44-GN-098 510 907 25 120 ANAC’s P2100P003 455 728 802 683 PPG CA7233 507 489 262 606 PPG EWDE 144A 461 423 499 596 Hentzen 17176 KEP 514 517 568 672 Surtec 650 Deft 02-GN-084 32 60 42 57 Deft 44-GN-098 37 60 51 133 ANAC’s P2100P003 64 97 54 76 PPG CA7233 56 83 24 66 PPG EWDE 144A 36 56 39 76 Hentzen 17176 KEP 49 83 76 107 Alodine 1200S Deft 02-GN-084 41 73 25 68 Deft 44-GN-098 39 68 51 106 ANAC’s P2100P003 35 77 29 42 PPG CA7233 49 64 29 51 PPG EWDE 144A 33 64 25 71 Hentzen 17176 KEP 31 70 64 70 337
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FINAL REPORT Scientific Understandi
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This report was prepared under cont
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List of Acronyms AES Atomic Emissio
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List of Figures Figure 1.1. Figure
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Figure 1.21. Figure 1.22. Figure 1.
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Figure 3.11. Cathodic polarization
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Figure 4.12. Average Roughness of R
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Figure 5.4. Figures 5.5. Apparatus
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Figure 5.36. Figure 5.37. R paramet
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Figure 6.23. Two commercial samples
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Figure 7.1. a) instrumental configu
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List of Tables Table 1.1. Table 1.2
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Table 6.4. Processing parameters fo
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Keywords 1. Al alloys 2. Non-chroma
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1. Executive Summary This report su
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the role of electrophoresis in inhi
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occurring at low pHs and release at
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were obtained by a post treatment w
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4. G.O. Ilevbare, J.R. Scully, J. Y
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3. Objective The primary objective
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5. Results and Accomplishments In t
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powder, slurried with ultrapure wat
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TCP-coated AA2024-T3. A Kratos AXIS
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X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (X
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Potential (V vs. Ag/AgCl) -0.2 -0.3
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Signal Intensity (counts/s) assessi
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Al (including both Al 0 and Al 3+ c
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TEM or during sample preparation, s
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Potential (V vs. Ag/AgCl) and uncoa
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5.1.4.8 Effects of Aging on the Fil
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Intensity (counts/s) Concentration
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|Z| 0.01Hz (ohm cm 2 ) |Z| 0.01Hz (
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The artificial scratch cell was als
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Raman intensity, a.u. 4000 880 3500
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Figure 1.24. Raman spectra for the
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peak at 520 cm -1 and an intense Cr
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Figure 1.28. Plots of the intensity
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Figure 1.30. (A) Video micrograph o
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The Zr and O signals arise from the
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Figure 1.35. (A) Corrosion potentia
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Table 1.1. Corrosion current (i cor
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additional pitting. The TCP coating
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Figure 1.41. Cr(VI) peak intensity
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Work is ongoing to understand how t
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9. L. Li, D-Y. Kim and G. M. Swain,
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carefully rinsed with DI water, air
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decrease to a net anodic current in
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Potential (mV vs. SCE) Potential (m
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i (A/cm 2 ) Immediately after silic
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Potential (mV vs. SCE) Rp (ohm.cm 2
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2.4.4 In situ AFM Scratching Result
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Figure 2.31. In situ AFM scratching
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(2.3) Figure 2.35. Specie diagram f
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concentration and the silicon to ca
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analysis coupled with XPS revealed
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5.2.4.4 In Situ AFM Scratching Befo
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esults in the formation of silicate
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26. P. Schmutz and G.S. Frankel, J.
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Pr 3+ , Y 3+ showed [12] an order o
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0.1M NaCl solution with varying con
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8.7 through pH 12.6 due to the lowe
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(b) (c) 99
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immersed in Ce 3+ remained bright w
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S phase and dissolution of Al matri
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Corrosion rate, i corr (A/cm 2 ) 6x
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I L (microA) 600 500 400 300 NC (-8
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than that of chromate[35]. Historic
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coupon was immersed with the polish
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5.3.2.4 Results 5.3.2.4.1 Speciatio
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(c) Figure 3.8. Speciation diagram
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E vs. SCE (V) -0.70 -0.75 -0.80 -0.
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E vs. SCE (V) 1000 rpm E vs. SCE (V
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Chemical quantification showed a me
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(a) (b) Figure 3.15. (a) (top) SEM
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E vs. SCE (V) E vs. SCE (V) E vs. S
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-Z" (ohm) -Z" (ohm) -Z" (ohm) -Z" (
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(Figure 3.8b). However, no effect o
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CPS CPS CPS x 2 14 10 12 10 8 6 4 2
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CPS CPS 100 95 90 85 80 75 70 x 10
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I k L 0. 2 1 2 AnFC B D 2 3 O 1
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i -800 (A/cm 2 ) 10 -4 NaCl NaCl+5
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Corrosion rate ( 1/R p ) ohm -1 cm
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particles compared to zinc-free sol
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and Zn bentonite compounds have red
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2) Deoxidizing for 3 minutes in an
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Scintag (now ThermoARL) Pad-V TM an
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Table 3.5. Characterization of bent
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Zn 2+ cation release (meq/100g) Pr
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(a) (b) (c) Figure 3.33. (a) An exp
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|Z| (ohm) Phase angle (degrees) 5.3
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|Z| at 0.01 Hz (ohm.cm 2 ) Pore Res
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|Z| at 0.01 Hz (ohm.cm 2 ) |Z| at 0
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pigmented coatings exhibited partia
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5.3.3.6 Conclusions 1. Exchange ben
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39. M. Mahdavian and M. M. Attar, P
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100. F.Liebau, Structural Chemistry
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of the coated sample, which is tigh
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Lubricant Blue (Struers) was used f
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good grip on the dolly, the equipme
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Pressure (kPa) r (mm) Pressure x Ra
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Pressure x Radius (kN/m) plateau bu
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Pressure x Radius (kN/m) Pxr (KN/m)
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Average Roughness (m) In contrast,
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Adhesion Strength (J/m 2 ) PVB PVB
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Pressure (kPa) Constant Infusion up
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(a) (b) (c) (d) Figure 4.19. Coatin
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Min. Potential (V vs SHE) Min. Pote
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Pressure (kPa) exposure in hot wate
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Engineering Stress (MPa) slope of t
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Adhesion Strength (J/m 2 ) ASTM D33
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Pressure (kPa) Pressure (kPa) Radiu
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Adhesion Strength (J/m 2 ) Pressure
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Table 4.7. Adhesion Strength values
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Non-Cl./Deox. No CC Cleaned/Deox. N
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5.4.5 Conclusions and Implications
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5.5 Task 5: Inhibitor Activation an
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solution for equilibration at contr
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Table 5.2. Techniques applied to sp
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The capacitance was determined by E
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combination with zinc molybdate, a
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Concentration, mmol / L Final pH te
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Alkaline affects praseodymium solub
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MoO 4 2- ) inhibition to the system
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Zinc molybdate is reported to be si
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The presence of a salt that has no
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This approach yields two figures of
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Inhibitor mapping of the Hentzen 16
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The molybdate loss in the strontium
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The capacitance dC is given by 0 (
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2 C( r, t) C( r )[1 r 2 exp( D nt
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-thea (degree) logIZI (Ohm-Cm 2 ) P
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Capacitance (F) respectively. The c
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Capacitance (F) Weight gain (g) For
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Normalized Capacitance Change Norma
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Potential V (Ag/AgCl) Corrosion rat
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5.5.4.7 Nanopore structure characte
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Normaalized Transport Rate (g/m^2_d
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S-Parameter S-Parameter Penetration
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S-Parameter S-Parameter Penetration
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R-parameter R-parameter Penetration
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5. T. M. Letcher, “Thermodynamics
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pigment of CaSiO 3 with initial pH
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allowed a comparison of the differe
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The solution resistance (R sol ) va
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Theta [degrees] theta |Z| [ohm] 10
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C [F/cm2] Rcorr [ohm*cm2] 7075-AHN
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C [F/cm 2 ] Rcorr [ohm*cm 2 ] Rcorr
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Visual TTF [hours] Table 6.2. Param
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of Metallast pre-treatment, which h
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Prediction of the TTF obtained by A
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5.6.2 Electrochemical Impedance Spe
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5.6.2.2.1 Coating system descriptio
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Table 6.4. Processing parameters fo
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population of total TTF vectors th
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Page 321 and 322: Figure 6.17. EIS spectra for sample
Page 323 and 324: Figure 6.18. Kaplan-Meier survival
Page 325 and 326: Maximum c i range Maximum ci range
Page 327 and 328: The type and number of input neuron
Page 329 and 330: Predicted TTF The BFM method, intro
Page 331 and 332: The most significant variables to i
Page 333 and 334: 5.6.3 Characterization of Pigment D
Page 335 and 336: of sputtering gold and carbon paint
Page 337 and 338: Figure 6.26. Cross-sectional view o
Page 339 and 340: Figure 6.28. EDX maps of primer cro
Page 341 and 342: Figure 6.31. EDX maps of primer cro
Page 343 and 344: In Figure 6.34, Ca and Si existed a
Page 345 and 346: Table 6.8. Average percentage resid
Page 347 and 348: strictly limited due to the barrier
Page 349 and 350: Figure 6.37. Coating systems in det
Page 351 and 352: Each corrosion volume of scribed ar
Page 353 and 354: Corrosion Area (mm 2 ) 1200 1000 80
Page 355 and 356: Corrosion Area (mm 2 ) Corrosion Ra
Page 357 and 358: Corrosion Rate (mm/yr) Corrosion Vo
Page 359 and 360: Corrosion Area (mm 2 ) corrosion ra
Page 361 and 362: corrosion rate (mm/yr) Corrosion Vo
Page 363 and 364: Corrosion Volume (mm/yr) Corrosion
Page 365 and 366: ate, PPG CA7233 coated samples had
Page 367 and 368: Appendix 6B Table 6B.1. Corrosion v
Page 369: Table 6B.3. Corrosion rate of sampl
Page 373 and 374: 5.7. Task 7: Characterization of Lo
Page 375 and 376: at 65C. After using DI water to rin
Page 377 and 378: Transmission Mode Conduct EIS measu
Page 379 and 380: Cdl(F/cm 2 ) Rp(.cm 2 ) relatively
Page 381 and 382: pit bottom area (cm 2 ) pit bottom
Page 383 and 384: 2days 2days 1mm 1mm 7days 7days Pit
Page 385 and 386: (a) (b) Si Si O Al Na Ca K Si Al-Cu
Page 387 and 388: Pit 1 and pit 2 as shown in Figure
Page 389 and 390: In these experiments, Deft primers
Page 391 and 392: For the case of as-deposited thin f
Page 393 and 394: 3. L. Balazs, Physica E, 54, 1183-1
Page 395 and 396: and subsequently re-oxidized in two
Page 397 and 398: not represent true adhesion strengt
Page 399 and 400: • The pit morphology in 0.5 M NaC
Page 401 and 402: Appendix 2. List of Scientific/Tech
Page 403 and 404: “The Secret Life of Chromate Free
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