COPYRIGHT AND RELATED RIGHTS ACT* - Uaipit.com

Article 114
Limitations of the scope of author's rights
(1) Unless otherwise provided by contract, the acts referred to under items 1 an 2 of the
foregoing Article, including error corrections, may be done by the lawful acquirer of the
program without the authorization of the author, if they are necessary for the use of the
computer program in accordance with its intended purpose.
(2) A person having the right to use a computer program may, without the authorization by the
author, make a maximum of two back-up copies of it, if that is necessary for its use.
(3) A person having the right to use a copy of a computer program shall be entitled, without
the authorization by the author, to observe, study or test the functioning of a program in order
to determine the ideas and principles that underlie any element of the program, if he does so
while performing any of the acts of loading, displaying, running, transmitting or storing the
program which he is entitled to do.
(4) Provisions of this Act, relating to the right of withdrawal (Article 20), and to the private or
other personal use (Articles 37 to 39, and Article 50), do not apply to computer programs.
Computer programs may not be lent publicly (Article 36), unless otherwise provided by a
contract between the author and the user.
(5) Contractual stipulations contrary to the provisions of paragraphs (2) and (3) of this Article,
shall be null and void.
Article 115
Decompilation
(1) Reproduction of the code and translation of its form, within the meaning of items 1 and 2
of Article 113 of this Act, shall not require the authorization of the author, where such
reproduction or translation is indispensable to obtain the information necessary to achieve the
interoperability of an independently created computer program with other programs, or with
hardware, provided that the following conditions are met:
1. that these acts are performed by the licensee or by another authorized user, or on their
behalf, by a person authorized to do so;
2. that the information necessary to achieve interoperability has not been previously readily
available to the persons referred to in foregoing item;
3. that these acts are confined only to those parts of the pre-existing program which are
necessary to achieve interoperability.
(2) The information obtained through the application of the foregoing paragraph may not be: