Stander Symposium abstract book - University of Dayton
Stander Symposium abstract book - University of Dayton
Stander Symposium abstract book - University of Dayton
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POSTER SESSION 1<br />
large-scale, walkable variation <strong>of</strong> the Muller-Lyer illusion to examine the effect <strong>of</strong> context upon the perception <strong>of</strong> egocentric distances. Whereas<br />
the traditional Muller-Lyer illusion utilizes geometric forms at the end <strong>of</strong> lines to manipulate the context <strong>of</strong> the line, we employed human forms<br />
to manipulate context. In each experiment, participants viewed a human target facing either towards or away from them and were then asked<br />
to judge the distance to the target. We predicted that the facing direction <strong>of</strong> the human target would influence magnitude estimates <strong>of</strong> target<br />
distance, similar to the way geometric forms at the ends <strong>of</strong> lines influence judgments <strong>of</strong> line length. However, we also predicted that action-based<br />
indicators <strong>of</strong> perceived distance (e.g. walking to the previously-viewed target person with eyes closed) would not be influenced by the contextual<br />
information provided by the human target’s facing direction. In Experiments 1 and 2, participants viewed human targets that were facing toward<br />
or away and then, with eyes closed, walked a distance that matched the perceived distance to the target person. Results from these experiments<br />
suggest that action-based indicators <strong>of</strong> perceived distance are immune to contextual influences <strong>of</strong> human target facing direction. In Experiment<br />
3, participants will view human targets that are either facing toward or away, but will verbally estimate the distance to the target. Together, these<br />
results will speak to the role <strong>of</strong> contextual information in spatial perception.<br />
The Effect <strong>of</strong> the Parent-Adolescent Emotional Context on the Link between Positive<br />
Parenting Practices and Adolescent Behavioral Adjustment<br />
Presenter(s): Joseph G Molitor<br />
Advisor(s): Jackson A Goodnight<br />
Psychology - Graduate Research<br />
Parenting practices can be analyzed according to two components: parenting practices and the parent-child emotional climate, according to<br />
Darling and Steinberg. In this theoretical framework, parenting practices and the emotional climate are independent dimensions <strong>of</strong> parenting<br />
processes, and the impact <strong>of</strong> parenting practices on child behavioral outcomes depends on the emotional climate. Research indicates that positive<br />
parenting practices and a warm parent-child emotional climate predict low levels <strong>of</strong> child antisocial behavior, but the effect <strong>of</strong> positive parenting<br />
on antisocial behavior at different levels <strong>of</strong> the parent-child emotional climate has not been investigated. This study examines the moderating<br />
effect <strong>of</strong> the parent-adolescent emotional climate on the association between positive parenting practices and conduct problems. The proposed<br />
study seeks to investigate the following three hypotheses: (1) Parental warmth will be inversely related to adolescent externalizing behavior,<br />
controlling for initial levels <strong>of</strong> externalizing behavior and positive parenting practices. (2) Positive parenting practices will be inversely related to<br />
adolescent externalizing behavior, controlling for initial levels <strong>of</strong> externalizing behavior and parental warmth. (3) Parental warmth will moderate<br />
the effect <strong>of</strong> positive parenting practices on adolescent externalizing behavior, controlling for initial levels <strong>of</strong> externalizing behavior and the independent<br />
main effects <strong>of</strong> parental warmth and positive parenting practices on externalizing behavior. Specifically, the inverse association between<br />
positive parenting practices and adolescent externalizing behavior is expected to be stronger at high levels <strong>of</strong> parental warmth than at low levels<br />
<strong>of</strong> parental warmth. Hierarchical regression analyses will be used to test the main and interactive effects <strong>of</strong> age 14 emotional climate and positive<br />
parenting practices on age 16 externalizing behavior, controlling for age 14 externalizing behavior.<br />
The Effect <strong>of</strong> Thin-Ideal Media on Body Image:An Experiment Using the Solomon<br />
Four-Group Design<br />
Presenter(s): Sara E Mason, Nyssa L Snow<br />
Advisor(s): Roger N Reeb<br />
Psychology - Graduate Research<br />
The purpose <strong>of</strong> this study is to examine the effect <strong>of</strong> thin-ideal media on body image in college age women. The discrepancy between the ideal<br />
presented in the media and the reality for most individuals is thought to be a significant source <strong>of</strong> body dissatisfaction. Exposure to thin-ideal<br />
media may have negative effects on women’s body image, but there are contradictory findings in existing literature. The discrepant findings in<br />
research on body image may be due to inconsistencies across studies regarding which body image dimension is assessed. Discrepancies may<br />
also be due to a failure to control for the pretest sensitization effects <strong>of</strong> body image assessment. This research addresses these methodological<br />
problems and elaborates on existing literature. A better understanding <strong>of</strong> the ways in which thin-ideal media influences the different dimensions<br />
<strong>of</strong> body image will guide and inform the development <strong>of</strong> interventions designed to prevent body image problems and eating disorder tendencies.<br />
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