AIDJEX Bulletin #40 - Polar Science Center - University of Washington

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then the flow rule becomes Q = +A - --3’( 1 + -- - .“I (10) I1 The stretching is shown geometrically in Figure 1. given by The orientation of Q is where and The flow rule is chosen so that plastic flow is orthogoilal to the potential function $. Therefore, we have tan (0-.rr/2) = B’ (13) where 3’ = aB/ aG,. The normal flow rule Then B’ = tan f3 and 8-?r/2 = B- = $) provides that B = b I . CHARACTERISTIC ANALYSIS In the classical cases, plasticity analysis has been ccncerned primarily with determining loads at which deformations may occur. In these limiting cases it has been reasonable to neglect all motions and concentrate on the stress fields directly. Since our interest is in determining the motions described by the ice model, we cannot make such a simplifying assumption. However, the techniques used are similar. Our analysis follows Schofield and Wroth (P94&), who were interested In material models for soils. Although our material model is different, the choice of variables is the same. 120
liv cnusidcring momtiitum balance., tlii> yic~ltl constr'iint, 'irid tlicl 1 low rule,, wc have six cquntions. the s ix dependent vari,ibLes '. 17. (1 strt.ss invariants using (5). rliesc cquat ions may be exprc~ssc~d in tc>rnis of llowevcar, to follow the rinalysis of Scliof itxld and "loth (1968) we eliminate Cartesian strcss components in favor of invari- dnts and. furthermore, eliminate maximum shear strcss OIT by substituticm using the yield constraint (4). The Cartesian stress components are related to invariants by xx' ('x\7* I1 yy' 'ind ,\ by i.1 imin'it ing thc o = CT sin 2y xy I1 (5 = (5 - (T cos 2y YY 1 11 where y is measured counterclockwise relative to the x-axis. Tiefore rewriting stress divergence in momentum balance in terms of invariants, we eliminate the extra variable X from the flow rule. In Cartesian components. equation (10) hecoiiics But taking the ratio of (17) to (18) and (18) to (19) eliminates A+ As a result, we find two equations in u. v, oXx, oxy. and 0 . The equations are YY written as 121
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DATA BUOYS AIDJEX BULLETIN No. 40 J
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NOTE TO FRIENDS, AND BYSTANDERS . .
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SUMMARY OF TECHNICAL DEVELOPMENTS I
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milestones, kept the vendor working
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The scene during deployment of HF-N
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The initial AIDJEX scientific plan
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poizr-orbiting satellite, which is
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t@ the spacecraft during each orbit
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BUOY NAHE COMMUN. COMMANDS FIXES TA
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L( 0 I 2 3 4 3 Radial error, kilome
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The buoy will be subjected to tempe
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nics occupy about 12 feet of the 17
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Ill -- - KEY AIUJEX WIN WW AEBa 0 4
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event that a melt pond should form
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chute supplied by Paranetics Inc. i
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6'" IqORGANIC LITHIUM BP.TTEI?Y IMP
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OM (AD RAMS) UREMEN~ \ AIRDROP N m
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provides a grid from which geostrop
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words; a four-bit air temperature w
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PERFORMANCE OF MET/OCEAN BUOYS IN A
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Sensor samples were taken every thr
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strengths are known, were used with
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the ice (causing reduced shear). An
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(McPhee, Mangum, and Martin) , TABL
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70°N 75'N n 3 P 17OOW (D Y 170°W
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12OOW * U Station 25. Xeasurements
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(McPhee , Mangum, and Martin) 2701
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(McPhee, Mangum, and Martin) a 0 a
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"i BUOY 4 I 43 360- 309- 257 206 15
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a30gl 251 I 60 511 r 43 BUOY 4 I
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n 4, (McPhee, Mangum, and Martin) 8
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(McPhee, Mangum, and Martin) 33 W c
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. '-,..I.. . B A R R O W W I N D S
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:
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I 25 23 t h--:!li[ NCI PiHCEl4l 22
Page 72 and 73: .5 .4 .3 0 A R 2 R 0 W J - 0 B U -
Page 74 and 75: 9 1.5 1.0 c 8 w .5 R 930 $ 565 1000
Page 76 and 77: Clock corrections were applied rout
Page 78 and 79: Q) u o z z i 4- 4- Z + + z f n 9 Ef
Page 80 and 81: TABLE 1 DIFFERENCES IN DAILY TEMPER
Page 82 and 83: Laboratory calibration of the ADRAM
Page 84 and 85: 3.20- - 1 t W o? 2 3.051 ...:-.;..
Page 86 and 87: POSITION MEASUREMENTS OF AIDJEX MAN
Page 88 and 89: some redundancy. Four points were u
Page 90 and 91: 75.5 75.: - E75.1 LLI % y75.c - 1 1
Page 92 and 93: The translocation principle removes
Page 94 and 95: POSITION ACCURACY To evaluate the q
Page 96 and 97: TABLE 1 STAND-ALONE ACCURACY 68th P
Page 98 and 99: Az i mu t h s When both receivers a
Page 100 and 101: DATA PROCESSING Following the field
Page 102 and 103: model ice motion in the statistical
Page 104 and 105: FREC 1 INCY / DOPPLER / FREQUENCY /
Page 106 and 107: 35 30 25 v) > 0 2 20 LL 0 r= E m 15
Page 108 and 109: An example of a large-scale buoy ar
Page 110 and 111: observations are needed in remote a
Page 112 and 113: useful for determining how various
Page 114 and 115: as well as velocity fields, we must
Page 116 and 117: Since small changes in the yield su
Page 118 and 119: The transformation of the system of
Page 120 and 121: e able to judge how well such a mod
Page 124 and 125: [-B' -F Finally, we eliminate Carte
Page 126 and 127: differential equation. 2. Discontin
Page 128 and 129: Substituting (36) and (37) into (34
Page 130 and 131: arbitrarily assign the values of 1
Page 132 and 133: The special case when advection can
Page 134 and 135: TABLE 1 STRETCHING, STRESS, ASP CHA
Page 136 and 137: ate of deformation, we have normali
Page 138 and 139: CHARACTERISTIC EQUATIONS The ordina
Page 140 and 141: One way to circumvent the problems
Page 142 and 143: The equations governing solutions a
Page 144 and 145: It is readily seen that when body f
Page 146 and 147: which may be substituted into equat
Page 148 and 149: a the stress derivative dCldS remai
Page 150 and 151: Although we have not studied in thi
Page 152 and 153: Courant, R., and D. Hilbert. 1962.
Page 154 and 155: A RESEARCH PLAN TO TEST THE AIDJEX
Page 156 and 157: the barges managed to reach their d
Page 158 and 159: APPROACH A baseline simulation 0-f
Page 160 and 161: SENSITIVITY OF ICE RESPONSE TO DIFF
Page 162 and 163: Since free drift of ice is computed
Page 164 and 165: and what is observed becomes less i
Page 166 and 167: stresses appear to be relatively un
Page 168 and 169: ehavior is directly related to accu
Page 170 and 171: TABLE 1 COMPARISON OF ESTIMATED ERR
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a) Base line b) 24-hour prediction
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\ / a) Base line b) 24- hour predi
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a) Base line b) 24- hour predi ct i
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\ / a) Base line b) 24-hour predict
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.. a) Base line b) 24- hour predict
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J2 a) Base line b) 24-hour predicti
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) 24-hour prediction c) 36-hour pre
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8 Figure 17. AIDJEX surface pressur
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APPENDIX 1 AIDJEX DATA FILES 1. Pos
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9A. Surface-1 eve1 ai r pressure (d
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19. Surface pressure (Val i dated)
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APPENDIX 2 AIDJEX DATA TRANSFERRED
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I -7-71327GEO A Cards (continued) 7
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B Cards (continued) 201
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AIDJEX Bulletin #40 - Polar Science Center - University of Washington

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