CHE REFERENCE LIBRARY - Pole Shift Survival Information

Z’Z~~~Il’~l~;.l TZO.2 Ii 1’ /1ljDl)l,2’(; il NU CICAP’l’lNG 117
tlw ‘~IlilIW, ;111d yt tlw pca1 viori q~~wws m1.1c4~ larger than the
St (Wk. I II fwt, it is jllst this dift’ctww iri size and rate of
gmvt II tht wiAitutcs tlw ~-i1111c~ of the yuillcc root for dwarfing
the peii I’. WWH thcrcl is a m~l~tl dif-krcncc? in rate of growth
l)f~twt~Cn t I)(\ stock ;IIN~ Aon, an cnlargenlent will occur in the
~vulrw of t ilrlcb, t~itl~or iil)OVC or hclow tlw union. If this occurs
011 tlltl stcbl11, it 111iIl\C‘S ill1 unsightly tree. If the cion greatly
olltgro~v~ tlltb sto(ak, t1 IVC’ill< tree is t.hc result.
‘I‘ht~ il~t~~r-rc~l;~tiol~slli~)s of stock and &n a~1 the physiologica
r(‘ii(.*ti(>llS ill gr;iftiIIg ha\x 1~0n IWI~P the subject of prolonged
stud?* 13~. t IW ~+cw~I~~w~, I,. I)ankl. In this field we are to
vspvcat itrli)ortilllt tlpplications to nursery practice in the course
of t inlc.
‘l’ht~ rlllltlrill influvncrt of cion and stock is a subject of per-
J)t‘tllal filsr~ill~lti~~I1. It has been much discussed, but without
1~31 cvnr4usi0ris or much influence on practical operations
out~ick s;11~11 nl;\ttt’rs as the operations of dwa.rfing and the
cbIC\-iktiOll Of \VCThl”:” g IltXCIS 011 StriI.ight~ stocks. Some of the
real a 11d s~q~p~s~vl reciprocal influences may be mentioned :
gri\ft;lgC 1113) modif,-v the stat,ure of a plant (dwarfing and
vice \-CrSitl ; iIcliIl)t l)lilIltS to adverse soils and climat.es ; correct
i1 poor llilhit ; A’ord good trunks for weeping and drooping
I)liltlts ; lx1stcll ilIl(l sornetimcs augment. fruit-bearing ; modify
thth SCTt\S()t1 of flowering or ripening ; increase the size and
modif>- the qunlity of flowers and fruits ; transmit disease.
Cltrssifificcctiolc of groftagt:
There arc thrcp general divisions or kinds of graftage, betwchcarl
n-hic*h, however., there are no decisive lines of separation :
1 * Hlltl-gl?lftillg, or budding, in which a single bud is inserted
uridcr the l)ark on the surfaceof t.hc wood of the stock. 3. Ciongrilfting.
or grafting proper, in which a detached twig, bearing
one or more buds, is inserted illtll or on the stock. 3. Ina’rch-