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THE NURSERY-LIST 385
The pear can also be gro’wn on the apple, thorn and mountain
ash. On the apple it is short-lived, although pear cions, set. in the top
of an old apple tree, often bear large fruits for a few years. When
pear stocks cannot be had, pears are sometimes xorkcd oil apple
roots. If the cions are long they will emit roots, and when the apple
nurse fails the pear becomes own-rootecl. Good dwarf trees are often
reported on the thorn. The subject is little understood. The mnuntain
ash is sometimes used for the purpose of growing pears on a
sandy soil, but its use appears to be of little consequence. All these
special stocks are of doubtful utility.
Pears of the Le C’onte and Kieffer type are often grown from cuttings
in the South. C.‘uttings are made of the recent mature growth,
al)out a foot in length, and are planted in the open ground, after
tllc mannt~r of long grape cuttings. Le Conte, Garber, Smith, and
otflthr vcbry strong growers of the Chinese type, are probably best
whtbn grown from cut t.ings. They soon overgrow French stocks, as
also apple stocks, which ha-is been used to some extent ; but if long
cionj are used, own-rooted trees are soon obtained, and the stock will
have served a useful purpose in pushing the cion the first two or
three years.
.
Pecan (Carya, or flicoria, Pecan). J~u&tndacecP. (C. A.
Heed.)
The species is propagated by seeds, varieties by budding and
grafting. Xutg for planting should be gathered as soon as ripe,
cured so as to rt’mo\‘( excess moisture, without drying, ana planted
at once, or bettclr stratified or held in storage until spring. The
soil should be a fertile loam, preferably underlain with a firm but
not hard clay suljsoil, and moist without being wet. It should
bt- well preparecl and the nuts planted about 3 inches deep, 8 t.o 10
inches apart in the row and the rows 4 to fi feet apart. In the South,
well-sclt~c*te(l nuts planted in *January should make seedlings fit
for grafting in one to three years. Some of those grafted in one
year shouhl be of sufficient size for transplanting to permanent
orchart positions the following winter, or t.wo years after the nuts
lvere plnntt4. Xs budding is performed only in summer, the earliest
thut any of these s41ings ordinarily cxn 1~ user1 by this method is
when eighteen months of age.
The advantages of grafting over budding, or vice versa, are
dependent more on the convenience and skill of the operator than
on the method. In either case preferably the operation should be
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