CHE REFERENCE LIBRARY - Pole Shift Survival Information

illust,ration of an old tree just top-grafted. Many stubs should
be set, and at least Al the prominent branches should be grafted
if the tree has been well-trained. It is better to have too many
stubs and to be obliged to remove some of them in after years,
t.han to have too few. In thick-topped trees, care must be
exercised not t,o cut out so much foliage the first year that the
intler branches will su~bur11. All large branches which must
be s;kfkrd ought to lrc cut out when the grafting is perfornlcd,
as the?. increase in dkrneter very rapidly after so
hiucli of the top is removed.
’ A horizontal branch lying directly over or under another
FIG. 177. Sbowirzg the upright direct,ion of a graft in a horizontal limb.
should not be qxfted, for it is the habit of grafts to grow
upright rather than horizontal in the direction of the original
branch ; 4 it is well to split all stubs on such branches horizontally,
that one cion may not stand directly under another.
The habit of growth of the cion is well shown in Fig. 177,
illustrating the form a,nd direction of the original branch,
and the yearling grafts. It is evident, therefore, that a topgrafted
tree is narrower and denser in top than was the tree