CHE REFERENCE LIBRARY - Pole Shift Survival Information

136 THE NURXERY-MANUAL
extends only part way about the stem, a,s in the illustration,
the operation is sometimes known as wrlrl,~-l,u.~~(JI!1S. When
it extends entirely round the stem it is called Gq- or a.n?z?clarbudding.
Flute-buddin g is usually performed late in spring.
It is best adapted to plants with very thick and heavy bark.
The bud is tied and afterwards treated in essentially the same
way as in shield-budding. A species of flute-budding in which
a ring of bark is slipped down on the tip of a shoot,
which has been girdled for the purpose, is called
whistle-
or 2(%il~lIIar-bll,~~i~illg.
Chip-budding (Fig. 151) inserts a chip of bark and
wood into a mortise in the stock. It is used in
spring, when the stock is dormant and the bark does
not slip. The bud is held in p&e by tying, and it
is better for being covered with wax.
3. IiR.WTING
Grafting is the operation of inserting a cion (or
scion) - or a twig comprising one or more buds -
into the stock, usually into an incision in the wood.
It is variously divided or classified, but chiefly
FIG. 151.
Chip-bud- with reference to the position on the plant, and to
ding. the method in which the cion and stock are joined.
In reference to position, there are four general classes :
1. Root-graftin,, v in which the stocak is entirely a root,. 2. Crowngrafting,
011 the crown or collar of the plant just at the surface
of the ground, an operation often confounded with root-grafting.
3. Stem-grafting, in which the eion is set on the trunk or body
of the tree below the limbs, a method occasionally employed
with young trees. 3. Top-grafting, in the branches of the
tree top.
Any method of inserting the cion may be employed in these
ctlasses. The best classification, particularly for purposes of