Polymers in Sport and Leisure

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References and Abstracts DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF A COMPOSITE MONOCOQUE AIRFOIL ROAD RACING BICYCLE FRAME Fried J AFH Composites Ltd. The design is described of a monocoque airfoil road racing bike, developed by AFH Composites of Finland. It is designed to replace conventional triangular metal frames in general use. Design objectives are outlined, and include the need for a lightweight, aerodynamic bike with appropriate stiffness for efficient sprinting, standard allround road racing geometry, ergonomics, aesthetics, and price competitive with the best metal racing frames. The AFH carbon fibre/epoxy composite monocoque frame is made by bonding together three main components consisting of two halves and a special V-section that forms the inside part of the chainstays. All composite parts are made by hand lay-up and vacuum bag technology is used in the laminating process. FINLAND; SCANDINAVIA; WESTERN EUROPE Accession no.693157 Item 189 Ends Report No.283, Aug.1998, p.34 NIKE TO PHASE OUT PVC Nike is to phase out PVC from its new sportwear products throughout its global operations. The reasons why the company is taking a “precautionary approach” with PVC include the carcinogenicity of VCM, the use of cadmium and lead stabilisers, dioxin emissions, concern of phthalate DEHP and the inability to recycle synthetic leathers containing PVC. The main uses of PVC in footwear are in coated textiles and plastisol. NIKE INC. USA Accession no.692886 Item 190 BioCycle Journal of Composting & Recycling 39, No.1, Jan.1998, p.54-5 RECYCLED FLOORING BOUNCES TOWARDS A MARKET Touart A P A prototype flooring made in part from recycled tyre rubber and old tennis shoes was installed in 1996 at Puget Sound Christian College. The flooring, trademarked as SmartCells, is composed of 40% rubber particles and ground athletic shoes with an overlay of urethane. The synthetic flooring reportedly provides greater shock absorption and enhanced performance. The floor is the outcome of ten years of R&D by Seamless Attenuation Technologies. SEAMLESS ATTENUATING TECHNOLOGIES INC. USA Accession no.692837 Item 191 Machine Design 70, No.14, 6th Aug.1998, p.84-5 ADDING A SOFT TOUCH WITH NYLON- BONDABLE ELASTOMERS AlliedSignal Engineering Plastics Inc.; Advanced Elastomer Systems LP For years engineers have taken advantage of the chemical compatibility of thermoplastic vulcanisates (TPVs) and PP to mould components with rigid and soft sections. A new TPV chemistry now adds the ability to bond TPV to nylon, giving engineers new options for adding a soft touch, flexibility and scaling performance to products that demand higher strength such as sporting goods, automotive components, and appliance knobs and handles. While PP has a good balance of qualities, nylons improve performance by offering high-temperature resistance, stiffness, strength, toughness, and chemical and abrasion resistance. The strong bond created between TPVs and nylon substrates eliminates the need for mechanical interlocks and primers or adhesives. Manufacturers apply soft-touch elastomers to nylon substrates using insert moulding, two-shot injection moulding or coextrusion. Details are given. USA Accession no.692604 Item 192 Popular Plastics and Packaging 43, No.3, March 1998, p.67-9 POLYURETHANE ALL WEATHER SPORTS AND SAFETY SURFACES Sen A Synthetic sports pitches are widely replacing traditional gravel, sand and shale surfaces. In many parts of the world, leisure centres and clubs have installed their own floodlit sports facilities for mini-football, netball, tennis, hockey and many other sports activities. These synthetic sports pitches reduce the number of accidents and are usable in all types of weather conditions. In the UK, irrespective of the type of surface used, the installation of playground surfaces must meet the requirements of BS 5696. In the USA, the safety surfacing system must comply with the Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA), by providing the handicapped with a smooth, cushioned access route to buildings and equipment. The International Amateur Athletics Association has also laid down stringent specifications for durability, strength and safety. Used and discarded vehicle tyres form one part of the product, the other being a single component medium viscosity PU prepolymer based on MDI. Used tyres are preferred in place of EPDM, SBR or NR to keep costs low. Spent tyres in the form of regrind, shreds and buffings or mixes of various types and grades of mainly recycled rubber are used. However, depending on the use of the surface, virgin materials may be blended with recycled rubber, while for professional sports 56 © Copyright 2001 Rapra Technology Limited
References and Abstracts surfaces EPDM, SBR/NR blends and NBR is preferred. Details are given INDIA Accession no.692515 Item 193 Chemical Marketing Reporter 254, No.8, 24th Aug.1998, p.FR22/4 SMOOTHING THE LANDING IN ADVANCED COMPOSITES Tullo A The anticipated downturn in commercial aircraft is causing advanced composite makers to look to nonaerospace applications, such as sporting goods, satellite materials, electronics and telecommunications, to help level the cyclicality of aerospace applications. Cytec became the largest US producer of both composite prepregs and aerospace adhesives last year with its purchase of Fiberite’s prepreg business. The US prepreg tape market is estimated at 1.4bn US dollars and is growing at between 7 and 9%. USA Accession no.692093 Item 194 Journal of Materials Science.Materials in Medicine 9, No.8, Aug.1998, p.457-62 APPLICATION OF LAMINATES TO MOUTHGUARDS: FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Ho Sung Kim; Mathieu K Newcastle,University A finite element model comprising a flat-ended indentor and disc representing a colliding object and mouthguard materials, respectively, was developed to study stress distribution and impact force in laminates. The disc consisted of two layers and its top layer was in contact with the indentor. The effects of modulus and volume fraction on stress distribution and force transmitted in laminates were studied using the finite element model for a collision in contact sports such as boxing or football. The material used for the test was ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. 12 refs. AUSTRALIA Accession no.692069 Item 195 Modern Plastics International 28, No.5, May 1998, p.56/61 SOFT TPE’S ARE OPTIMIZED FOR EXPANDING ROLES IN CONSUMER GOODS Grande J A This article examines the trend by manufacturers to use innovative soft (i.e. low-durometer) thermoplastic elastomers (TPE’s) to provide improved tactile characteristics, along with better ergonomics and aesthetics, for consumer-friendly goods sporting easy-tohandle grips, handles, and covers. The marketable advantages of soft-touch TPE’s is fully investigated. TEKNOR APEX CO.; DUPONT DOW ELASTOMERS; GW PLASTICS INC.; RAPRA TECHNOLOGY LTD.; MA HANNA; ADVANCED ELASTOMER SYSTEMS; GE PLASTICS; ALLIEDSIGNAL PLASTICS; SHELL CHEMICAL CO. BELGIUM; EUROPEAN COMMUNITY; EUROPEAN UNION; UK; USA; WESTERN EUROPE Accession no.691797 Item 196 Adhesive Technology 15, No.1, March 1998, p.18-9 MDI-BASED URETHANE PREPOLYMERS AS BINDERS Moore D Industrial Copolymers Ltd. The use of granulated rubber crumb bound with one- or two-component PU binders has become increasingly popular in sports and safety surfacing. The rubber crumb granules are normally ground from scrap commercial rubber tyres, as car tyres often contain high levels of additives that make them unsuitable for this purpose. This process benefits the environment because it eliminates problems associated with the disposal of tyres. In the USA, many states have banned the dumping of tyres in landfill sites. Furthermore, it is estimated that by re-using rubber granules with a polymer binder, energy savings of 107,000 to 111,500 kJ/kg are achieved compared with the incineration of scrap tyres. Sports and safety surfaces usually contain more than 80% recycled product. Details are given. 4 refs. EUROPEAN COMMUNITY; EUROPEAN UNION; UK; WESTERN EUROPE Accession no.689837 Item 197 Engineering Design No.1, 1998, p.6-7 NEW IN-LINE SKATE CLIPS ON OR OFF IN SECONDS Marabelli F Du Pont Italiana SpA Until recently, MGM developed and made sports shoes sold mostly under various well-known brand names. The company then entered the in-line skate market in 1996 with the launch of the Hypno. This patented design’s big selling point is that the wheels can be easily removed from the shoes and fixed on again in a moment. In MGM’s original design the chassis was made in two sections, one of aluminium, one of plastic. That made for a lengthy manufacturing process, with a complicated assembly procedure and the need © Copyright 2001Rapra Technology Limited 57
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Page 103 and 104: Subject Index A ABRASION, 133 305 A
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Page 107 and 108: Subject Index DOME, 320 DOMESTIC EQ
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