an investigation into the antibacterial activities of medicinal plants ...

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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS A Ave average B BA BSA blood agar Body Surface Area C o C cfu/ml Conc degree Celsius colony forming units per millilitre Concentration D DMSO DST dimethylsulphoxide Diagnostic Sensitivity Test F Fig Figure G g gram iv
H hr hour I INT p-iodonitrotetrazolium M Max mg MH MIC Min ml MRSA maximum milligrams Mueller-Hinton minimal inhibitory concentration minimum millilitre methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus N NHLS nm No. National Health Laboratory Services nanometre number P PBS PNPG Phosphate Buffered Saline p-nitrophenyl glycerol v
Page 1 and 2: AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE ANTIBACTE
Page 3 and 4: 2.2.3.1 Bulbine frutescens 21 2.2.3
Page 5 and 6: ABSTRACT Traditional medicine has a
Page 7: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to di
Page 11 and 12: LIST OF TABLES TABLES Page TABLE 1
Page 13 and 14: LIST OF FIGURES FIGURES Page FIGURE
Page 15 and 16: CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Overview
Page 17 and 18: In the rural communities where ther
Page 19 and 20: CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 TRA
Page 21 and 22: uses of medicinal plants (Matsiliza
Page 23 and 24: under strict quality control measur
Page 25 and 26: The utilization and identification
Page 27 and 28: 2.2.1.2 Phytomedicine and phytochem
Page 29 and 30: 2.2.1.3 Conservation of medicinal p
Page 31 and 32: interactions (Peoples Medical Socie
Page 33 and 34: Some of the medicinal plants invest
Page 35 and 36: 2.2.3.1 Bulbine frutescens Bulbine
Page 37 and 38: 2.2.3.4 Zantedeschia aethiopica Thi
Page 39 and 40: 2.3 TOPICAL BURN WOUND INFECTIONS 2
Page 41 and 42: p. 386). The process of wound heali
Page 43 and 44: techniques especially when handling
Page 45 and 46: ody warm to prevent hypothermia, es
Page 47 and 48: 2.3.3 Bacteria selected for investi
Page 49 and 50: TABLE 2 Summary of the selected tes
Page 51 and 52: extremely difficult to control. Res
Page 53 and 54: 2001), the traditional method of pr
Page 55 and 56: Step 1: EXTRACTION: Fresh medicinal
Page 57 and 58: different steps performed to obtain
Page 59 and 60:
4.2.2 Traditional preparations Besi
Page 61 and 62:
Twofold serial dilutions were made
Page 63 and 64:
microtitre plate assay. Following p
Page 65 and 66:
Plates supplemented with PNPG No PN
Page 67 and 68:
CHAPTER 5 RESULTS Different solvent
Page 69 and 70:
Undiluted plant extract concentrati
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number of bacterial strains of whic
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59 TABLE 6 Continues: S. pyogenes [
Page 75 and 76:
The different extracts of B. frutes
Page 77 and 78:
TABLE 7 Bacteria tested: Screening
Page 79 and 80:
5.1.5 Standard antimicrobial sensit
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TABLE 8a Standard antimicrobial sen
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5.1.6 Plant extract dilutions that
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The extracts of L. leonurus inhibit
Page 87 and 88:
TABLE 9a Representation of the extr
Page 89 and 90:
The lowest MIC’s of B. frutescens
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5.1.8 The number of bacterial strai
Page 93 and 94:
displayed antibacterial activity ag
Page 95 and 96:
TABLE 12 Medicinal plants: Antibact
Page 97 and 98:
5.2.2 Antibacterial activity of tra
Page 99 and 100:
Controls S. aureus [no. 1] K. pneum
Page 101 and 102:
The growing threat and spread of an
Page 103 and 104:
was presented for extraction as a s
Page 105 and 106:
aethiopica inhibited a maximum of 1
Page 107 and 108:
the agar dilution assay (Table 12 &
Page 109 and 110:
Further testing on the plant extrac
Page 111 and 112:
Brantner, A. & Grein, E. (1994). An
Page 113 and 114:
Greenwood, D., Slack, R.C. & Peuthe
Page 115 and 116:
Matsiliza, B. & Barker, N.P. (2001)
Page 117 and 118:
Shale, T.L., Stirk, W.A., and van S
Page 119:
http://gardening.worldonline.co.za/
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