Forest Insect and Disease Survey; Ontario, 1965 - NFIS

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Injury Due to Changing Water Levels B 12 High water in spring followed by drought conditions in summer appears to have caused high mortality of red and white pine in several young plantations in the Lake Simcoe District. High water in the spring presumably killed the original root system forcing new roots to grow further up the root collar. These roots were very shallow, one inch or less and were not able to withstand summer temperatures, particularly where water levels were low. For the second consecutive year low water levels caused severe browning, loss of vigour and light tree mortality in the Bruce Peninsula and on shoreline trees as far south as Goderich. The condition was most evident in clumps of eastern white cedar, white spruce and tamarack. Frost Injury For the second consecutive year late spring frosts severely damaged buds and new growth of a wide variety of deciduous and evergreen trees (see photographs). Damage was usually most severe in localized low-lying areas. Red oak, white oak and white ash were the most seriously affected deciduous hosts and moderate and severe bud damage occurred in white spruce, Norway spruce, fir and European larch at many points in the region. Leaf Scorch This physiogenic disease continued to be very prominent in the region in 1965. Premature discolouration and leaf drop was most prevalent on deciduous trees along older paved highways. Although it is felt that this disease is induced by several other conditions such as high temperatures and drying winds, it would appear that excessive use of salt in controlling snow and ice conditions is a major contributor. This supposition is borne out through surveys and observations on secondary roads where smaller quantities of salt are used and the disease is much less severe. TABLE 8 Other Noteworthy Diseases in the Southwestern Forest Region in 1965 Organism Host Remarks Apiosporina collinsii (Schw.) Van Hohnel Aureobasidium pullulans (deBary) Arnaud Camarosporium robiniae (Westd.) Sacc. Chrysomyxa led! de Bary and C. ledicola Coleosporium asterum (Diet,) Syd. Se wP, rP, wS Hon wS jP, rP Cankers on single branches and blackening of leaves of two infected trees in Saugeen Twp. Common in Lake Simcoe District. Heavy infection in hedgerow near Garnet in Walpole Twp., 2i miles NE of point where disease was first found in Canada in 1961. Heavy foliar infection associated with dwarf mistletoe at Wasaga. Heavy infections in plantations in Melancthon and Grantham twps. Light infections common elsewhere.
B 13 TABLE 8 (continued) Or an]. sm Host Remarks Cryptodiaporthe densissima r0 (Ell.) Wehm. Cytophoma pruinosa (Fr.) Hohn. Wa Cytospora chrysosperma Fr. W Cytospora spp. Haw, rP, siM Daedalia quercina L ex Fr. r0 Diaporthe eres Nit. eDo Diplodia sp. Dothichiza populea Sacc. & Braird Eutypella parasitica Davidson & Lorenz Fomes igniarius (L. ex Fr.) Gill Fomes everhartii (Ell. & Gill) V. Schrenk Ganoderma applanatum (Pers.) Pat. Gnmonia ulmea (Sch, ex Fr.) Thum. Gnmonia veneta (Sacc. Speg.) Kleb. Gymnoconia peckiana (Howe) Trotter Gymnosporangium clavariiforme (Pers.) D. C. Gymnosporangium globosum Fare. Gymnosporangium juniperi- rJ virginianae Schw. Mo, rP bPo, cPo, 1Po sM Lo rP wE Sy Raspberry Haw Haw Gymnosporangium sp. Se Cankering common on several small trees in Waterloo Twp. Caused light branch mortality on 3" D.B.H. trees in Binbrook Twp. and at one point in Orillia Twp. Light and medium infections common in the region. Common on decadent coniferous and deciduous hosts. Fruiting bodies numerous on stump in N. Cayuga Twp, Cankers common on dead and dying stems and branches in Bentinck Twp. Associated with moderate mortality of young planted trees in a small compartment of the Midhurst Nursery and was present on dying 2-0 red pine stock in the St. Williams Nursery. Following severe infections in recent years infections were relatively light in the region in 1965. Cankered trees common in region. Heavy infection caused stagnation of planted trees in Sunnidale Twp, Occasional conks on stem of one tree in Niagara Falls. Fruiting on stem of one tree in Pinery Provincial Park. Common on stumps in Holland Twp, Light and moderate foliage infections common in the region. Severe cankering and branch damage in Vaughan Twp. Moderate and light infections in Williams West and Euphemia twps. respectively. Light on one tree in Dawn Twp. Heavy foliage and current shoot damage in Medonte Twp, Very heavy infection at Fairfield Pioneer Village, Zone Twp.; medium and light at numerous points in the region. Heavy foliar infections in Baxter and Oxford twps.
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ANNUAL DISTRICT REPORTS FOREST INSE
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FOREST DISTRICTS 1 Kemptville 2 Twe
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SOUTHEASTERN FOREST REGION 1965 INT
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A 1 Forest Tent Caterpillar, Malaco
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SOUTHEASTERN FOREST REGION DISTRICT
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A 4 STATUS OF TREE DISEASES Armilla
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A6 Observations made in 1965 reveal
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A8 TABLE 6 Summary of the Occurrenc
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Organism A 10 TABLE 7 (continued) H
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A 11 Cedar Leaf Miners, Argyresthia
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A 13 Introduced Pine Sawfly, Diprio
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A 15 TABLE 14 Summary of Eastern Te
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LINDSAY DISTRICT MILES 10 0 40 20 1
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A 18 Heavy mortality of late instar
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A 19 TABLE 17 (continued) Insect Ho
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A 21 TABLE 17 (continued) Insect Ho
Page 33 and 34: A 22 Cherry Ugly-nest Caterpillar,
Page 35 and 36: A 24 European Spruce Sawfly, Diprio
Page 37 and 38: A 26 Eastern Tent Caterpillar, Mala
Page 39 and 40: TWEED DISTRICT EASTERN TENT CATERPI
Page 41 and 42: TWEED DISTRICT GRIIASTIWPC X IA/NU-
Page 43 and 44: A 29 Frontenac County. This vector
Page 45 and 46: A 31 TABLE 18 (continued) Insect Ho
Page 47 and 48: STATUS OF INSECTS IN KEMPTVILLE DIS
Page 49 and 50: A 34 Pitted Ambrosia Beetle, Corthy
Page 51 and 52: A 36 TABLE 12 Summary of Fall Webwo
Page 53 and 54: TABLE 14 Summary of Cedar Sawfly La
Page 55 and 56: A 39 TABLE 17 Summary of Damage by
Page 57 and 58: STATUS OF INSECTS IN ThE PEMBROKE D
Page 59 and 60: A42 This insect is of European orig
Page 61 and 62: A 44 Alice in Alice Township where
Page 63 and 64: A46 Severe defoliation of red pine
Page 65 and 66: A 48 Larch Sawfly, Pristiphora eric
Page 67 and 68: A 49 Miscellaneous Insects (continu
Page 69 and 70: SOUTHWESTERN FOREST REGION 1965 INT
Page 71 and 72: B 1 STATUS OF INSECTS European Pine
Page 73 and 74: SOUTHWESTERN REGION DISTRICTS 1 LAK
Page 75 and 76: B4 TABLE 3 Summary of European Pine
Page 77 and 78: B6 White-pine Shoot Borer, Eucosma
Page 79 and 80: B TABLE 5 Summary of Shoot Damage b
Page 81 and 82: B9 TABLE 6 (continued) Condition No
Page 83: B 11 trees. Fruiting bodies were co
Page 87 and 88: B 15 TABLE 8 (continued) Organism S
Page 89 and 90: B 16 Cedar Leaf Miners, Argyresthia
Page 91 and 92: B 18 Since 1963 the incidence of at
Page 93 and 94: B 20 TABLE 14 Summary of Introduced
Page 95 and 96: LAKE SIMCOE DISTRICT MILES 20 10 0
Page 97 and 98: sM tA B22 Forest Tent Caterpillar,
Page 99 and 100: LAKE SIMCOE DISTRICT MILES 20 40 SP
Page 101 and 102: B 25 A. Poplar Leaf Roller, Pseudex
Page 103 and 104: Insect B 27 TABLE 20, (continued) H
Page 105 and 106: STATUS OF INSECTS IN THE LAKE HURON
Page 107 and 108: B 30 TABLE 9 Summary of Larch Caseb
Page 109 and 110: B 31 Walnut Caterpillar, Datana int
Page 111 and 112: B 33 Pine Bud Moth, Exoteleia dodec
Page 113 and 114: 13 35 TABLE. 17 Summary of Infestat
Page 115 and 116: Insect B 37 TABLE 20 (continued) Ho
Page 117 and 118: STATUS OF INSECTS IN THE LAKE ERIE
Page 119 and 120: B 10 Larch Casebearer, Coleophora l
Page 121 and 122: B 42 so severely damaged over a per
Page 123 and 124: B 44 This insect causes spiny galls
Page 125 and 126: B 46 TABLE 17 (continued) Insect Ho
Page 127 and 128: sP.) B48 TABLE 16 (continued) r=loa
Page 129 and 130: SOUTH—CENTRAL FOREST REGION 1965
Page 131 and 132: C1 STATUS OF TREE DISEASES Dutch El
Page 133 and 134: C3 TABLE 3 (continued) Organism Hos
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STATUS OF INSECTS IN THE NORTH BAY
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township 9 1 c6 increase in populat
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Black-headed Jack-pine Sawfly, Neod
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C9 townships Haddo, Caldwell, Crera
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NORTH BAY DISTRICT Eri=11=1;kile*aY
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Insect Archips cerasivoranus Fitch
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STATUS OF INSECTS IN THE PARRY SOUN
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C 15 TABLE 5 Summary of European Sp
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Clg TABLE 8 Summary of Dissections
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C 18 TABLE 10 Summary of Malacosoma
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PARRY SOUND DISTRICT RED—HEADED P
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TABLE 16 Summary of Damage by the W
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C 23 TABLE 18 (continued) Insect Ho
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CENTRAL FOREST REGION 1965 STATUS O
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TABLE 1 D White Pine Weevil, Pissod
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D3 • The greatest expansion occur
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CENTRAL FOREST REGION 1 WHITE RIVER
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D 5 STATUS OF TREE DISEASES Central
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D 7 In the remainder of the region
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D 9 Noteworthy Diseases, (continued
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Diseases and Organisms of Forest Fl
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STATUS OF INSECTS IN THE SAULT STE.
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D TABLE 5 Summary of Larval Counts
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D 16 Western Tent Caterpillar, Mala
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D 18 TABLE 12 Summary of Miscellane
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STATUS OF INSECTS IN THE SUDBURY DI
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D 21 White Pine Shoot Borer, Eucosm
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D TABU. 9 Summary of Red-headed Pin
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SUDBURY DISTRICT MULL mar°. ®, &M
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TABLE 11 Summary of Balsam-fir Shoo
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D 27 TABLE 12 (continued) Insect Ho
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STATUS OF INSECTS IN THE CHAPLEAU D
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D 30 reproduction in the district s
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D 32 Black-headed Jack-pine Sawfly,
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A Leaf Folding Sawfly, Phyllocolpa
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D 35' attacked and a large area of
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D37 Insect Miscellaneous Insects (c
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D 38 Ugly-nest Caterpillar, Archips
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D39 An Aphid on Jack-pine, Cinara c
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GOGAMA DISTRICT C .._ 4111111111111
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D 42 Aspen Blotch Miner, Lithocolle
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D 43 Summary of Larval Mortality an
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D 45 Red-headed Jack-pine Sawfly, N
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D47 TABLE 20 Summary of Damage Caus
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Insect D 49 TABLE 22 (continued) Ho
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D 50 STATUS OF INSECTS Black-headed
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D 52 Western Tent Caterpillar, Mala
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D 54 Spruce Bud Gall Midge, Rhabdop
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D 56 Miscellaneous Insects (continu
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INTRODUCTION Northern Forest Region
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E2 Leaf Blight, Linospora tetraspor
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e ample s in E 3 A Leaf and Twig Bl
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Hypoxylon pruinatum Lachnella agass
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E 7 TABLE 4 (continued) Puccinia ma
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E 8 STATUS OF INSECTS Gall Aphids o
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E 10 European Spruce Sawfly, Diprio
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E 12 Egg bands of the forest tent c
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E14 TABLE. 14 (continued) Location
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Larch Sawfly, Pristiphora erichsoni
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COCHRANE DISTRICT di rm" 42EVA •
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S E. 19 TABLE 20 (continued) Galeru
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E 20 Black-headed Budworm, Acleris
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E 22 A Root Weevil, Hylobius warren
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KAPUSKASING DISTRICT DT ...141114..
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E 25 TABLE 11 Summary of Damage by
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E27 The examination of 71 leaf fold
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E 29 Larch Sawfly, Pristiphora eric
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E31 TABLE 21 Summary of Miscellaneo
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KAPUSKASING DISTRICT CLAY, DOWNER I
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E32 Ugly-nest Caterpillar, Archips
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SWASTIKA DISTRICT L___, 461:4:;:aws
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E 35 TABLE 10 Summary of Forest Ten
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White-pine Weevil, Pissodes Peck. E
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E 39 A Poplar Leaf Roller Pseudexen
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E Insect Host(s) Remarks Lithocolle
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MIDWESTERN FOREST REGION 1965 STATU
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F 1 STATUS OF INSEcTS Larch Sawfly,
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MIDWESTERN FOREST REGION DISTRICTS
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F4 TABLE 4 Severity of Pollaccia ra
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F 6 TABLE 6 (continued) Organism Ho
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STATUS OF INSECTS IN THE ,PORT ARTH
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4. " F 9 A Bark Beetle of the Gener
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11 Western Tent Caterpillar, Malaco
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12 TABLE 12 Summary of Per cent of
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F 14 TABLE 15 (cont'd.) Summary of
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F 16 TABLE 17 Summary of Damage by
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F18. TABLE 19, Port Arthur District
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F 19 STATUS OF INSECTS Birch Skelet
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F 2:L TABLE 10 Summary of Western T
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1' 23 TABLE 14 Summary of Damage by
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tA Insect F 25 TABLE 16 (continued)
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V 27 TABLE 16 (continued) Insect Ho
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INTRODUcTION Western Forest Region
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G2 TABLE 1 (continued) Per cent egg
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4 196 G 3 TABLE 2 (continued) Locat
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G 5 TABU 4 (continued) Av. no. egg
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G 7 Summary of New Infection of Hyp
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G 9 Incidence of Infected Shoots at
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G 11 TABLE 11 (continued) Organism
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STATUS OF INSECTS IN THE SIOUX LOOK
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G 14 TABLE 12 Summary of Damage cau
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G 16 Western Tent Caterpillar, Mala
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G 18 Small numbers of Neodiprion ni
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G 20 Larch Sawfly, Pristiphora eric
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G 22 TABLE 25 (continued) Nepytia c
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G 23 Black-headed Budworm, Acleris
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DISTRICT OF KENORA JAcK PINE BUDWOR
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G 26 Balsam-fir Sawfly, Neodiprion
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G 28 TABLE 18 Summary of Leader Dam
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G 30 TABLE 20 (continued) Insect Ho
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Tetralopha aplastella Clem. Tetralo
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G 33 Spruce Budworm, choristoneura
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G 35 where varying degrees of infes
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G 37 TABLE 18 Summary of Red-headed
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G 39 Pine Tortoise Scale, Toumeyell
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WHITE GRUBS, Phyllophaga spp. Sever
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GREEN-STRIPED MAPLEWORM, Anisota ru
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FOREST TENT CATERPILLAR, Malacosoma
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JACK-PINE SAWFLY, Neodiprion pratti
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EASTERN TENT CATERPILLAR, Malacosom
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LARCH SAWFLY, Pristiphora erichsoni
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PINE TORTOISE SCALE, Toumeyella num
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JACK-PINE BUDWORM, Choristoneura pi
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A PINE TIP MOTH s Rhyacionia adana
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PINE ROOT COLLAR WEEVIL, Hylobius r
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Deterioration of roadside sugar map
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FOMES ROOT ROT, Fomes annosus (Fr.)
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Frost damage Wind damage in hardwoo
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Forest Insect and Disease Survey; Ontario, 1965 - NFIS

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