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Contents Summary 1. Introduction....................................................................................................................9 2. Summary Table............................................................................................................13 3. An annotated checklist of the invertebrates of living and decaying timber in Britain and Ireland .......................................................................................................16 4. Acknowledgements....................................................................................................123 5. References..................................................................................................................124 6. Index ..........................................................................................................................126
1. Introduction This checklist of the invertebrates that develop in timber and the products of its decay has been compiled for a number of reasons. It is provided as a working tool for field workers, for nature conservationists and for ecologists: �� to facilitate the recording of particular species on particular sites, to focus field workers on the significant habitat features; �� to draw the attention of nature conservationists to the enormous variety of niches exploited in wooded habitats and to emphasis the importance of wood decay succession; �� to stimulate ecological research of the fauna. It is a working document, not intended to be complete or set in stone, a starting point to focus minds onto its strengths and weaknesses, and to stimulate ideas on where to go from here. Ideally it should be on a web-site for ease of up-dating and dissemination, and this will be one of the next stages. It is very much a statement of the information I have collated to date and so another purpose is to stimulate people to make available information that may contribute to the next edition. There will be lots here for people to criticise - if they so wish - but it is hoped that people will prefer a more constructive approach and help to up-grade this Provisional list into something more useful. The compilation has made it possible to identify how many of our species are known to be dependant on the process of wood decay – the answer is close 1800 for Britain and over 600 for Ireland (see Summary Table). The next stage will be to break this fauna down into its constituent communities, a process that will inform and develop our understanding of the relative importance of particular sites. The checklist is very much provisional at this stage. It is provided in a spirit of co-operation and partnership, with the express hope that other specialists will help me to build on it rather than pull it apart with criticism. It is certainly provided as an Aunt Sally, to be knocked around and hammered into something better. It aims to be the first stage in building something more useful, as a baseline for future developments in our understanding and appreciation of this rich and important habitat. Whether or not a species occurs on a particular site which appears to provide suitable habitat depends on two things: firstly the biogeography of the species and secondly on the management history of the area. A detailed examination of the fauna is also essential if we are to make sensible assessments of which species are characteristic of long-established sites, ie ancient woodlands and ancient wood pastures, and hence which may be used as indicators of ecological continuity and conservation value. While some species individually may be good indicators of ecological continuity, and are clearly part of the urwaldtiere or relict old forest fauna of these islands, it is perhaps most advisable to use them collectively - the more of the identified indicators known from a particular site the more ecological continuity can be inferred. This latter approach has been advocated with deadwood Coleoptera and Syrphidae (e.g. Alexander, 1995). A large proportion of this fauna shows strong association with areas of relict old growth – old forest, medieval parks and chases, wooded commons, old wood pastures and similar 9
Page 1 and 2: The invertebrates of living & decay
Page 3: Summary A list of all the invertebr
Page 7 and 8: Epiphyte associates: the algae, mos
Page 9 and 10: 2. Summary Table Taxonomic grouping
Page 11 and 12: Taxonomic grouping Number of specie
Page 13 and 14: Julidae Cylindroiulus punctatus (Le
Page 15 and 16: Order Astigmata Canestriniidae Cane
Page 17 and 18: Hoplothrips polysticti (Morison) -
Page 19 and 20: eticulatus, which may be necessary
Page 21 and 22: Dystebenna stephensi (Stainton) - p
Page 23 and 24: S. & E. England, north to Yorkshire
Page 25 and 26: eech Fagus, often in company with t
Page 27 and 28: Xantholinus angularis Ganglbauer -
Page 29 and 30: Gyrophaena munsteri Strand - RDBK.
Page 31 and 32: Thamiaraea hospita (Märkel)* - Nat
Page 33 and 34: years; adults feed on fruit and sap
Page 35 and 36: Hampshire and Sussex, and absent fr
Page 37 and 38: have occasionally been taken off ha
Page 39 and 40: Worcestershire/Gloucestershire, whe
Page 41 and 42: Hadrobregmus denticollis (Creutzer)
Page 43 and 44: in lowland England, but absent from
Page 45 and 46: Epuraea distincta (Grimmer) - Natio
Page 47 and 48: Notolaemus unifasciatus (Latreille)
Page 49 and 50: winter in deadwood, including oak Q
Page 51 and 52: Mycetophagus populi Fabricius - Nat
Page 53 and 54: Alnus, I. cuticularis on beech Fagu
Page 55 and 56:
Colydiidae - Cylindrical Bark Beetl
Page 57 and 58:
Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus* - Mealwo
Page 59 and 60:
Rhinosimus ruficollis (Linnaeus)* -
Page 61 and 62:
flowers; claimed to have been forme
Page 63 and 64:
Aromia moschata (Linnaeus)* - Musk
Page 65 and 66:
in Spey and Clyde Valleys, where pr
Page 67 and 68:
Acalles ptinoides (Marsham)* - Nati
Page 69 and 70:
Trypophloeus binodulus (Ratzeburg)
Page 71 and 72:
Ephialtes manifestator (Linnaeus)*
Page 73 and 74:
Ichneumonidae: Phygadeuontinae Cubo
Page 75 and 76:
Braconidae: Meteorinae Meteorus - S
Page 77 and 78:
Plutothrix bicolorata (Spinola) syn
Page 79 and 80:
Entedon ergias Walker - Has been re
Page 81 and 82:
provisioning with the spider Segest
Page 83 and 84:
Ectemnius sexcinctus (Fabricius) -
Page 85 and 86:
associated with old forest areas an
Page 87 and 88:
Fungus Gnats - About 75% of the spe
Page 89 and 90:
Anatella alpina Plassmann* - RDB3 A
Page 91 and 92:
Trichonta apicalis Strobl = vernali
Page 93 and 94:
Sciara hemerobioides (Scopoli)* = t
Page 95 and 96:
Trichocera rufescens Edwards* - A r
Page 97 and 98:
Metriocnemus albolineatus Meigen* =
Page 99 and 100:
for larvae; some Drapetis and Tachy
Page 101 and 102:
Medetera flavipes Meigen - Reared f
Page 103 and 104:
Callomyia speciosa Meigen* Platypez
Page 105 and 106:
holes in living beech, also Populus
Page 107 and 108:
Xylota segnis (Linnaeus)* - Develop
Page 109 and 110:
Lonchaea obscuritarsis Collin - Bio
Page 111 and 112:
ut some occur in galleries of Dipte
Page 113 and 114:
Lasiambia baliola (Collin) - Nation
Page 115 and 116:
Amiota basdeni Fonseca - RDB2. Know
Page 117 and 118:
Helina pertusa (Meigen)* - Larvae u
Page 119 and 120:
4. Acknowledgements The author is v
Page 121 and 122:
NIXON, G.E.J. 1957. Hymenoptera, Pr
Page 123 and 124:
Anaspis thoracica .................
Page 125 and 126:
Chrysopilus laetus ................
Page 127 and 128:
Drosophila (Scaptodrosophila) defle
Page 129 and 130:
Hoplandrothrips bidens.............
Page 131 and 132:
Medetera parenti ..................
Page 133 and 134:
Oxythyrea funesta .................
Page 135 and 136:
Reduvius personatus ...............
Page 137 and 138:
Teretrius fabricii.................
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