Crustacea: Copepoda - Cerambycoidea.com

More documents

Recommendations

Info

cultured in borings; mainly oak Quercus, but also beech Fagus and other broadleaved trees. Widespread in southern England and Wales, but absent from far southwest. Platypus parallelus (Fabricius) – RDBI. Presently expanding its Oriental range; W Kent: only three specimens known - 1832, 1973, 1983, presumed to be only casual imports. Hymenoptera SYMPHYTA - Sawflies Xiphydriidae - The larvae bore in wood of broad-leaved trees; development is within a year; pupation in chamber below sapwood; dependent on the presence of a symbiotic fungus in the tunnels. Xiphydria camelus (Linnaeus) - Oviposit through bark of recently dead branch of streamside alder Alnus or birch Betula, eggs deposited in cambial layer; larva tunnels in wood for 10 months; circular flight holes; rare & local. Xiphydria longicollis (Geoffroy) – [pRDBK]. Has been reared from fallen field maple Acer campestre branch, Windsor Forest; also at Maidenhead & Wisley. Xiphydria prolongata (Geoffroy) - Larvae develop in woody stems of willows Salix; adults emerge from mid June to mid August; oviposition in bark of fresh willow logs; larvae initially bore in cambial layer, then in superficial sapwood. Rare & local, mostly SE England, as far N as Nottinghamshire. Siricidae - The larvae bore in standing or freshly cut timber; males spend lives in tree tops where mate; females lay eggs into borings; larvae tunnel in wood for 2-4 years, but if wood cut & dried take longer; pupate below sapwood; abdominal sacs with spores of Amylostereum areolatum, which are injected into tree during oviposition. Tremex columba (Linnaeus) – Casual/ Importation. Bores in Acer, oak Quercus, elm Ulmus, etc; N. American sp., only in imported wood. Xeris spectrum (Linnaeus) - Lacks fungal spore sacs & only oviposits in trees previously colonised by other siricids; has been reared from larch Larix in Hants, and an occasional import. Uroceras gigas (Linnaeus) - Holarctic species established in GB, possibly native in Caledonian forest areas; bore conifers. Sirex noctilio Fabricius – Naturalised. Holarctic species established in GB; bores conifers. Sirex cyaneus Fabricius – Naturalised. Holarctic species established in S. England & Scotland, American in origin; bores conifers. Sirex juvencus (Linnaeus) – Holarctic species established in GB; possibly native. Cephidae Janus femoratus (Curtis) - Larvae develop in oak Quercus twigs; SE of Wash/Severn line. PARASITICA - Parasitic Wasps. Approx 5500 species in total, and very diverse in biology; these are particularly under-studied and the following is almost certainly only a poor representation of the total fauna. ICHNEUMONOIDEA - Exclusively parasitic (parasitoids). Ichneumonidae Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae - The majority are ectoparasitoids of immature Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Diptera or Arachnida, while some are pseudo-parasitoids of spider egg sacs, and one group are endoparasitoids in endopterygote pupae and prepupae. Several species are hyperparasitic, often facultatively, and a few are cleptoparasitic on other pimplines. (Fitton et al, 1988). 74
Ephialtes manifestator (Linnaeus)* - Hosts are rather deeply concealed in long dead and sometimes rotten wood, and it has on several occasions been observed probing old emergence holes of wood-boring beetles in dead trees and fence posts. This suggests that aculeate Hymenoptera may be among the regular hosts, as is borne out by the rearing of a single male from the digger wasp Trypoxylon sp. A specimen is also claimed to have been reared from the longhorn beetle Callidium violaceum. Uncommon; southern England and Wales; Co Kerry. (Fitton et al, 1988). Dolichomitus agnoscendus (Roman)* - Has been reared from the weevil Mesites tardii, from dead Rosa stems, and alder Alnus logs. Rare, but widely distributed. (Fitton et al, 1988). Dolichomitus diversicostae (Perkins) - Has been reared from the longhorn beetle Acanthocinus aedilis in pine Pinus; rare, northern Scotland (Fitton et al, 1988). Dolichomitus imperator (Kriechbaumer) - Circumstantial evidence that the hosts are in long dead timber, such as the longhorn beetle Rhagium, but one also found in the borings of Arhopalus rusticus in recently dead pine Pinus. In Scotland often in relict Caledonian pine forest, but also in the ancient birch Betula woods of the extreme north and west. Also reported from Hampshire. (Fitton et al, 1988). Dolichomitus mesocentrus (Gravenhorst) - Appears to be associated principally with beetle hosts in dead oak Quercus and beech Fagus. Uncommon, but widely distributed in southern Britain. (Fitton et al, 1988). Dolichomitus messor (Gravenhorst) - One specimen supposedly reared from the clearwing moth Synanthedon vespiformis in Herefordshire (Fitton et al, 1988). Reported to be parasitic on the longhorn beetles Lamia textor, Mesosa nebulosa. Dolichomitus populneus (Ratzeburg) - Has mostly been reared from the longhorn beetle Saperda populnea, but also from the clearwing moth Synanthedon flaviventris and the micro Lampronia fuscatella. These hosts all cause galls in small branches and twigs, respectively of Populus, Salix and Betula. Uncommon; widely in southern England. (Fitton et al, 1988). Dolichomitus pterelas (Say)* - Reared once from the longhorn beetle Stenostola ferrea. Southern England, rare; Co Kerry. (Fitton et al, 1988). Dolichomitus terebrans (Ratzeburg) - Has often been reared as a parasitoid of the large weevils in pine Pinus bark Pissodes castaneus and P.pini; and has become a regular parasitoid of the recently established bark beetle Dendroctonus micans in spruce Picea. Uncommon, but widely distributed among conifers throughout Britain. (Fitton et al, 1988). Dolichomitus tuberculatus (Geoffroy)* - Reared from the bark weevil Hylobius abietis, the longhorns Acanthocinus aedilis and ?Rhagium mordax, and more doubtfully from the clearwing moth Synanthedon culiciformis; from conifers and Betula. Uncommon but widely distributed in GB and Ireland. (Fitton et al, 1988). Townesia tenuiventris (Holmgren) - In Finland reared from the bee Chelostoma florisomne and less often from the digger wasp Trypoxylon figulus nesting in dead wood. Rare, but widely distributed in southern England. (Fitton et al, 1988). Paraperithous gnathaulax (Thomson) - It is suggested that it probes for hosts pupating beneath partly loose bark. Rare, but widely distributed, in Scotland and to a lesser extent southern England. (Fitton et al, 1988). Liotryphon spp - Use their ovipositors to probe bark crevices, etc, or to penetrate the weak, prepared exit sites of insects with non-mandibulate adults (eg moths) pupating in bark and wood, rather than to drill through bark. They are not therefore part of the saproxylic fauna. (Fitton et al, 1988). 75
Page 1 and 2:
The invertebrates of living & decay
Page 3 and 4:
Summary A list of all the invertebr
Page 5 and 6:
1. Introduction This checklist of t
Page 7 and 8:
Epiphyte associates: the algae, mos
Page 9 and 10:
2. Summary Table Taxonomic grouping
Page 11 and 12:
Taxonomic grouping Number of specie
Page 13 and 14:
Julidae Cylindroiulus punctatus (Le
Page 15 and 16:
Order Astigmata Canestriniidae Cane
Page 17 and 18:
Hoplothrips polysticti (Morison) -
Page 19 and 20: eticulatus, which may be necessary
Page 21 and 22: Dystebenna stephensi (Stainton) - p
Page 23 and 24: S. & E. England, north to Yorkshire
Page 25 and 26: eech Fagus, often in company with t
Page 27 and 28: Xantholinus angularis Ganglbauer -
Page 29 and 30: Gyrophaena munsteri Strand - RDBK.
Page 31 and 32: Thamiaraea hospita (Märkel)* - Nat
Page 33 and 34: years; adults feed on fruit and sap
Page 35 and 36: Hampshire and Sussex, and absent fr
Page 37 and 38: have occasionally been taken off ha
Page 39 and 40: Worcestershire/Gloucestershire, whe
Page 41 and 42: Hadrobregmus denticollis (Creutzer)
Page 43 and 44: in lowland England, but absent from
Page 45 and 46: Epuraea distincta (Grimmer) - Natio
Page 47 and 48: Notolaemus unifasciatus (Latreille)
Page 49 and 50: winter in deadwood, including oak Q
Page 51 and 52: Mycetophagus populi Fabricius - Nat
Page 53 and 54: Alnus, I. cuticularis on beech Fagu
Page 55 and 56: Colydiidae - Cylindrical Bark Beetl
Page 57 and 58: Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus* - Mealwo
Page 59 and 60: Rhinosimus ruficollis (Linnaeus)* -
Page 61 and 62: flowers; claimed to have been forme
Page 63 and 64: Aromia moschata (Linnaeus)* - Musk
Page 65 and 66: in Spey and Clyde Valleys, where pr
Page 67 and 68: Acalles ptinoides (Marsham)* - Nati
Page 69: Trypophloeus binodulus (Ratzeburg)
Page 73 and 74: Ichneumonidae: Phygadeuontinae Cubo
Page 75 and 76: Braconidae: Meteorinae Meteorus - S
Page 77 and 78: Plutothrix bicolorata (Spinola) syn
Page 79 and 80: Entedon ergias Walker - Has been re
Page 81 and 82: provisioning with the spider Segest
Page 83 and 84: Ectemnius sexcinctus (Fabricius) -
Page 85 and 86: associated with old forest areas an
Page 87 and 88: Fungus Gnats - About 75% of the spe
Page 89 and 90: Anatella alpina Plassmann* - RDB3 A
Page 91 and 92: Trichonta apicalis Strobl = vernali
Page 93 and 94: Sciara hemerobioides (Scopoli)* = t
Page 95 and 96: Trichocera rufescens Edwards* - A r
Page 97 and 98: Metriocnemus albolineatus Meigen* =
Page 99 and 100: for larvae; some Drapetis and Tachy
Page 101 and 102: Medetera flavipes Meigen - Reared f
Page 103 and 104: Callomyia speciosa Meigen* Platypez
Page 105 and 106: holes in living beech, also Populus
Page 107 and 108: Xylota segnis (Linnaeus)* - Develop
Page 109 and 110: Lonchaea obscuritarsis Collin - Bio
Page 111 and 112: ut some occur in galleries of Dipte
Page 113 and 114: Lasiambia baliola (Collin) - Nation
Page 115 and 116: Amiota basdeni Fonseca - RDB2. Know
Page 117 and 118: Helina pertusa (Meigen)* - Larvae u
Page 119 and 120: 4. Acknowledgements The author is v
Page 121 and 122:
NIXON, G.E.J. 1957. Hymenoptera, Pr
Page 123 and 124:
Anaspis thoracica .................
Page 125 and 126:
Chrysopilus laetus ................
Page 127 and 128:
Drosophila (Scaptodrosophila) defle
Page 129 and 130:
Hoplandrothrips bidens.............
Page 131 and 132:
Medetera parenti ..................
Page 133 and 134:
Oxythyrea funesta .................
Page 135 and 136:
Reduvius personatus ...............
Page 137 and 138:
Teretrius fabricii.................
show all

Crustacea: Copepoda - Cerambycoidea.com

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?