Crustacea: Copepoda - Cerambycoidea.com

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ones, often at base of trunks. Eggs are laid on the sides of cavities and hatch after rainfall. Widespread and often abundant in English woodlands. Orthopodomyia pulcripalpis (Rondani) - RDB3. Develops in water-filled tree holes, especially in beech, elm and horse chestnut; over-wintering larvae, develop to pupae by June-July and adults emerge soon after; females appear to feed on birds. Only known from old records across south-east England, from Purbeck to Lincolnshire. Ceratopogonidae - Biting Midges. Some species develop under bark, in sap-runs, and a few in fungi. Culicoides chiopterus (Meigen)* - Sap in elm wound; also dry cakes of cow dung. Culicoides obsoletus (Meigen)* - In tree-holes. Culicoides fagineus Edwards - In tree-holes. Culicoides riethi Kieffer* Culicoides scoticus Downes & Kettle* - Polyphagous in fungi, including soft polypores. Culicoides truncorum Edwards - In tree-holes. Dasyhelea dufouri (Laboulbene) - Larvae feed on decomposing sap in wounds on elm; also in rot holes? Dasyhelea flavifrons (Guérin-Méneville) - Larvae feed on decomposing sap of beech and horse chestnut. Dasyhelea versicolor (Winnertz) = obscura (Walker) - Larvae feed on decomposing sap; elm & horse chestnut; also water-filled rot-holes in oak, poplar; also in humus around roots of Arctium, Spiraea, Angelica. Forcipomyia - Larvae gregarious in dark cavities where very humid and feed on moulds and other fungi. Forcipomyia bipunctata (Linnaeus)* - Under bark. A North American record from Phellinus gilvus. Forcipomyia brevipennis (Macquart) Forcipomyia ciliata (Winnertz) - Polyphagous, including a few records from lignicolous fungi. Forcipomyia costata Zetterstedt = picea (Winnertz) - Under bark. Forcipomyia eques (Johannsen) Forcipomyia fuliginosa (Meigen) - A record from Abortiporus. Forcipomyia kaltenbachii (Winnertz) - Under bark; oak, pine, poplar sap. Forcipomyia monilicornis (Coquillett)Forcipomyia nigra (Winnertz) - Oak logs. Forcipomyia pulchrithorax Edwards - In the granular, solidifying sap in open wounds on elm, chestnut & ash trees; also poplar rot hole Forcipomyia rugosa Chan & Le Roux Forcipomyia sphagnophila Kieffer =solonensis Wirth Atrichopogon winnertzi Goetghebuer – Has been reared from rotting pine bark, logs and fallen branches in Poland. Atrichopogon oedemerarum Stora – Has been reared from rotting pine bark, logs and fallen branches in Poland. Atrichopogon pavidus (Winnertz) = A. pollinivorus Downes – Has been reared from under bark of rotting tree. Chironomidae - Non-biting Midges. Some terrestrial species are associated with lignicolous fungi and some aquatic species burrow in wood. Glyptotendipes glaucus (Meigen) - Larvae occur in decaying wood. Stenochironomus gibbus (Fabricius)* - Larvae have been found in alder branches and other unidentified wood. Bryophaenocladius ictericus (Meigen) - Records from the wood-decay fungus Xylaria as well as from Lycoperdon. 100
Metriocnemus albolineatus Meigen* = atratulus Zetterstedt - Has been reared from old darkened sporophores of the fungus Chondrostereum purpureum. Metriocnemus martinii Thienemann* - Larvae in water-filled tree-holes, especially beech. S.England & Co Waterford. Orthocladius lignicola Kieffer* - Larvae mine in submerged rotten wood. Paraphaenocladius spp - Larvae occur in decaying wood. Xylophagidae – Awl-flies Xylophagus ater Meigen* - The Awl-fly. Larvae develop beneath bark on branchwood of a wide variety of dead broadleaves, in early stages of decay. Feed on larvae of larger beetles and possibly other insects, although probably injured larvae, and has been implicated as the cause of those injuries. Confined to ancient woodlands and wood pastures; mainly in the hill country of northern and western Britain, extending into the lowland fringes and across the south into the weald. Rare in Ireland. Xylophagus cinctus (De Geer) – Red-belted Awl-fly. RDB3. Larvae under bark on relatively freshly dead pine timber; prey on pupae and larvae of long-horns and other Coleoptera; primarily known from old Caledonian pine forest relicts, but also reported from commercial pine and spruce plantations in recent years. Xylophagus junki (Szilady) – Glenmore Awl-fly. RDB1. Probably develops in overmature pine trees, old pine forest; once only, Glenmore Forest, 1913. Rhagionidae - The larvae of most species develop in the soil, but there are a few which use decaying wood. Some Rhagio that are normally soil dwelling may also be found in the more advanced stages of decaying wood and in accumulations of decaying vegetable matter in cavities such as rot-holes, especially Rhagio lineola Fabricius and Rhagio scolopaceus. Ptiolina larvae feed among mosses on trees and stones, and may occasionally be found within the decaying wood of mossy logs – pupation may occur in the decay. Chrysopilus laetus Zetterstedt – Tree Snipefly. RDB1. Larvae develop in moist wood mould in decaying stumps, rot holes and aerial dead boughs, nearly always in beech. Sites tend to be open structured beech woodland with ancient trees. It appears to be a relict old forest species and is most widespread in Windsor Forest; also known from Cambridgeshire, Burnham Beeches and Cobham Woods, Kent. Xylomyiidae – Wood-soldierflies Solva marginata (Meigen) – Drab Wood-soldierfly. Nationally Scarce. The hard reddish brown larvae are usually found in dead Populus, especially hybrid black poplar, in rotting fibrous cambium layer in fallen trunks after 2-3 years; also other broadleaves. Solva varia (Meigen) – Long-horned Wood-soldierfly. Extinct. Has been reared from oak deadwood abroad. Two early 19 th century specimens are allegedly from Britain. Xylomya maculata (Meigen) – Wasp Wood-soldierfly. RDB2. Larvae in rot-holes, in damp wood-decay, in beech; probably feed on rotting organic matter; also described as living a semi-aquatic existence in water-filled rot-holes. May take up to two years to develop. Confined to ancient forest: New Forest, Windsor Forest and Epping Forest. Stratiomyidae – the larvae of a few of the terrestrial species are most often found in decaying wood and rot holes in trees. Chorisops tibialis (Meigen)* - Dull Four-spined Legionnaire. Larvae in small shallow rot holes developed where a small limb has ripped off a tree trunk; within small accumulations of mildly moist wood detritus. Also found in grass tussocks. Chorisops nagatomii Roskozny* - Bright Four-spined Legionnaire. Nationally Scarce. Possibly similar habits. Has been reared from flood refuse. 101
Page 1 and 2:
The invertebrates of living & decay
Page 3 and 4:
Summary A list of all the invertebr
Page 5 and 6:
1. Introduction This checklist of t
Page 7 and 8:
Epiphyte associates: the algae, mos
Page 9 and 10:
2. Summary Table Taxonomic grouping
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Taxonomic grouping Number of specie
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Julidae Cylindroiulus punctatus (Le
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Order Astigmata Canestriniidae Cane
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Hoplothrips polysticti (Morison) -
Page 19 and 20:
eticulatus, which may be necessary
Page 21 and 22:
Dystebenna stephensi (Stainton) - p
Page 23 and 24:
S. & E. England, north to Yorkshire
Page 25 and 26:
eech Fagus, often in company with t
Page 27 and 28:
Xantholinus angularis Ganglbauer -
Page 29 and 30:
Gyrophaena munsteri Strand - RDBK.
Page 31 and 32:
Thamiaraea hospita (Märkel)* - Nat
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years; adults feed on fruit and sap
Page 35 and 36:
Hampshire and Sussex, and absent fr
Page 37 and 38:
have occasionally been taken off ha
Page 39 and 40:
Worcestershire/Gloucestershire, whe
Page 41 and 42:
Hadrobregmus denticollis (Creutzer)
Page 43 and 44:
in lowland England, but absent from
Page 45 and 46: Epuraea distincta (Grimmer) - Natio
Page 47 and 48: Notolaemus unifasciatus (Latreille)
Page 49 and 50: winter in deadwood, including oak Q
Page 51 and 52: Mycetophagus populi Fabricius - Nat
Page 53 and 54: Alnus, I. cuticularis on beech Fagu
Page 55 and 56: Colydiidae - Cylindrical Bark Beetl
Page 57 and 58: Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus* - Mealwo
Page 59 and 60: Rhinosimus ruficollis (Linnaeus)* -
Page 61 and 62: flowers; claimed to have been forme
Page 63 and 64: Aromia moschata (Linnaeus)* - Musk
Page 65 and 66: in Spey and Clyde Valleys, where pr
Page 67 and 68: Acalles ptinoides (Marsham)* - Nati
Page 69 and 70: Trypophloeus binodulus (Ratzeburg)
Page 71 and 72: Ephialtes manifestator (Linnaeus)*
Page 73 and 74: Ichneumonidae: Phygadeuontinae Cubo
Page 75 and 76: Braconidae: Meteorinae Meteorus - S
Page 77 and 78: Plutothrix bicolorata (Spinola) syn
Page 79 and 80: Entedon ergias Walker - Has been re
Page 81 and 82: provisioning with the spider Segest
Page 83 and 84: Ectemnius sexcinctus (Fabricius) -
Page 85 and 86: associated with old forest areas an
Page 87 and 88: Fungus Gnats - About 75% of the spe
Page 89 and 90: Anatella alpina Plassmann* - RDB3 A
Page 91 and 92: Trichonta apicalis Strobl = vernali
Page 93 and 94: Sciara hemerobioides (Scopoli)* = t
Page 95: Trichocera rufescens Edwards* - A r
Page 99 and 100: for larvae; some Drapetis and Tachy
Page 101 and 102: Medetera flavipes Meigen - Reared f
Page 103 and 104: Callomyia speciosa Meigen* Platypez
Page 105 and 106: holes in living beech, also Populus
Page 107 and 108: Xylota segnis (Linnaeus)* - Develop
Page 109 and 110: Lonchaea obscuritarsis Collin - Bio
Page 111 and 112: ut some occur in galleries of Dipte
Page 113 and 114: Lasiambia baliola (Collin) - Nation
Page 115 and 116: Amiota basdeni Fonseca - RDB2. Know
Page 117 and 118: Helina pertusa (Meigen)* - Larvae u
Page 119 and 120: 4. Acknowledgements The author is v
Page 121 and 122: NIXON, G.E.J. 1957. Hymenoptera, Pr
Page 123 and 124: Anaspis thoracica .................
Page 125 and 126: Chrysopilus laetus ................
Page 127 and 128: Drosophila (Scaptodrosophila) defle
Page 129 and 130: Hoplandrothrips bidens.............
Page 131 and 132: Medetera parenti ..................
Page 133 and 134: Oxythyrea funesta .................
Page 135 and 136: Reduvius personatus ...............
Page 137 and 138: Teretrius fabricii.................
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