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Nanda – ORNL V.B.13 Studies on the Local SOC and Underlying Structures in Lithium Battery Electrodes (ORNL) mentioned above. Figure V - 72a shows the improvement in the cycle life performance between the two. As shown in Figure V - 72b the rate performance improved a factor of two due to an overall increase of the electronic conductivity of the matrix due to addition of highly conducting CNF. Notably, after the 5C rate discharge going back to the C/5 rate; we continue to see good capacity retention for the CNF electrode whereas the standard composition showed decay with cycling. This shows that CNF additives serves as an electronic wiring around the Li-rich MNC particles improving the electronic conduction pathways to improve both rate performance and capacity retention. obtained as a result of activation of Li 2 MnO 3 ( > 4.5 V) is illustrated by the large peak. This feature understandably disappears after the first cycle charging cycle, after the formation of MnO 2 . The inset figure shows the CV cycles at a lower scan rate (25 mV S -1 ) showing explicit contribution of Mn, Ni and Co to the overall capacity. We have also undertaken surface studies using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Micro-Raman to identify various surface decomposition products during the high voltage cycling (results not shown here). (a) (b) Figure V - 72: (a) Cycle life comparison between standard binder carbon black composition and with CNF addition and (b) the corresponding rate performance comparison. Cyclic Voltammetry and Surface Studies. One of the key aspects here is to understand the origin of the first cycle irreversible capacity loss of the Li rich composition Li 1.2 Ni 0.175 Co 0.1 Mn 0.525 O 2 and to identify the electrochemical redox processes during the high voltage cycling. To this effect, we carried out detailed cyclic voltammetry (CV) studies at various scan rates. . Figure V - 73 shows the first cycle anodic and cathodic peaks corresponding to Mn, Ni and Co red-ox transitions (shown as red dashed line). The second through fifth CV curves are shown as solid lines. The first cycle excess capacity Figure V - 73: CV studies on Li1.2Ni0.175Co0.1Mn0.525O2 . first cycle anodic and cathodic peaks shown as red dashed line, the second through fifth CV curves are shown as solid lines. Conclusions and Future Directions We are undertaking detailed high resolution electronmicroscopy at various SOCs of the Li-rich MNC composition to correlate the structural changes as the voltage profile changes from a layered-layered phase to a mixed layered-spinel type structure (low voltage). Experiments are also in progress to coat the Li-rich MNC with a nanometer thick solid electrolyte, LIPON, to reduce or minimize the side reaction at the surface due to high voltage cycling. We notice a dramatic enhancement of the electrchemcial performance. Full cell studies using Li-rich and carbon as positive and negative electrode material are in progress. FY 2011 Publications/Presentations Journal Publications 1. J. Nanda, J. T. Remillard, A. O’Neill, D. Bernardi, Tina Ro, Ken Nietering, Ted J. Miller, “Observation of Local State of Charge Distributions in Lithium-ion Battery Electrodes”, Adv. Funct. Mater. 2011, 21, 3282–32900. FY 2011 Annual Progress Report 531 Energy Storage R&D
V.B.13 Studies on the Local SOC and Underlying Structures in Lithium Battery Electrodes (ORNL) Nanda – ORNL 2. S. K. Martha, J. Nanda, Gabriel M. Veith, N. J. Dudney, Electrochemical and Interfacial Studies of High-Voltage Lithium-Rich Composition: Li 1.2 Mn 0.525 Ni 0.175 Co 0.1 O 2 , J. Power Sources in press 2011. 3. V. Varadaraajan, Satishkumar B. C., J. Nanda and P. Mohanty, “Direct Synthesis of Nanostructured V 2 O 5 Films using Solution Plasma Spray Approach for Lithium Battery Applications”, J. Power Sources, 2011, 196, 10704 Conference Presentations 1. 2011 DOE Annual Peer Review Meeting Presentation, May 2011Washignton DC. 2. S. K. Martha, J. Nanda, W. D. Porter, N. J. Dudney, “Electrochemical and Interfacial Studies of High- Voltage Lithium-Rich Composition: Li 1.2 Mn 0.525 Ni 0.175 Co 0.1 O 2 ” MRS Spring Meeting 2011 San Francisco, 2011. 3. Jagjit Nanda, “High Energy Density Li-ion Electrodes: Current Status and Challenges” Battery Congress 2011, University of Michigan Ann Arbor Energy Storage R &D 532 FY 2011 Annual Progress Report
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V. FOCUSED FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH Int
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V.A Introduction Duong - DOE, Srini
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V.B Cathode Development V.B.1 First
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V.B.1 First Principles Calculations
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V.B.1 First Principles Calculations
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V.B.2 Cell Analysis, High-energy De
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V.B.3 Olivines and Substituted Laye
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Page 19 and 20: V.B.4 Stabilized Spinels and Nano O
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Page 23 and 24: V.B.5 The Synthesis and Characteriz
Page 25 and 26: V.B.5 Synthesis & Characterization
Page 27 and 28: V.B.6 Cell Analysis-Interfacial Pro
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Page 31 and 32: V.B.7 Role of Surface Chemistry on
Page 39 and 40: V.B.8 Characterization of New Catho
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Page 43 and 44: V.B.9 Layered Cathode Materials (AN
Page 49 and 50: V.B.10 Development of High Energy C
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Page 53 and 54: V.B.11 Crystal Studies on High-ener
Page 59 and 60: V.B.12 Developing Materials for Lit
Page 65: V.B.13 Studies on the Local SOC and
Page 69 and 70: V.B.14 New Cathode Projects (LBNL)
Page 71 and 72: V.C.1 Nanoscale Composite Hetero-st
Page 73 and 74: V.C.1 Nanoscale Composite Hetero-st
Page 75 and 76: V.C.2 Interfacial Processes - Diagn
Page 81 and 82: V.C.3 Search for New Anode Material
Page 83 and 84: V.C.4 Nano-structured Materials as
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Page 87 and 88: V.C.5 Development of High Capacity
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Page 91 and 92: V.C.6 Advanced Binder for Electrode
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Page 107 and 108: V.C.10 Atomic Layer Deposition for
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Page 111 and 112: V.C.11 Synthesis and Characterizati
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V.C.12 Silicon Clathrates for Anode
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V.C.12 Silicon Clathrates for Anode
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V.C.13 Wiring Up Silicon Nanopartic
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V.C.13 Wiring Up Silicon Nanopartic
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V.C.14 Hard Carbon Materials for Hi
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V.C.14 Hard Carbon Materials for Hi
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V.D.1 Polymer Electrolytes for Adva
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V.D.1 Polymer Electrolytes for Adva
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V.D.2 Interfacial Behavior of Elect
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V.D.2 Interfacial Behavior of Elect
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V.D.3 Molecular Dynamics Simulation
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V.D.3 Molecular Dynamics Simulation
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V.D.4 Bi-functional Electrolytes fo
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V.D.4 Bi-functional Electrolytes fo
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V.D.5 Advanced Electrolyte and Elec
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V.D.6 Inexpensive, Nonfluorinated (
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V.D.6 Nonfluorinated (or Partially
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V.D.7 Development of Electrolytes f
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V.D.8 Sulfones with Additives as El
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V.D.8 Sulfones with Additives as El
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V.D.9 Long-lived Polymer Electrolyt
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V.E Cell Analysis, Modeling, and Fa
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V.E.1 Electrode Fabrication and Fai
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V.E.2 Modeling-Thermo-electrochemis
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V.E.2 Thermo-electrochemistry, Capa
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V.E.3 Intercalation Kinetics and Io
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V.E.4 Mathematical Modeling of Next
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V.E.5 Analysis and Simulation of El
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V.E.5 Analysis and Simulation of El
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V.E.6 Investigation of Critical Par
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V.E.6 Investigation of Critical Par
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V.E.7 Predicting/Understanding New
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V.E.8 New Electrode Designs for Ult
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V.E.8 New Electrode Designs for Ult
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V.E.9 In Situ Electron Spectroscopy
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V.E.9 In situ Electron Spectroscopy
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V.F.1 Energy Frontier Research Cent
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V.F.1 Energy Frontier Research Cent
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V.F.2 Novel In Situ Diagnostics Too
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V.F.2 Novel In Situ Diagnostics Too
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V.G Integrated Lab-Industry Researc
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