The obesogenic effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids are dependent ...

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Figure 2 A nmol/ min/ mg prot 2,4 1,6 0,8 iBAT Palm-CoA ox * B Ucp1/ Gtf2b 360 240 120 iBAT Ucp1 ** C Dio2/ Gtf2b 6 4 2 iBAT Dio2 * D Pgc-1α/ Gtf2b 3,9 2,6 1,3 iBAT Pgc-1α 0,0 SPH Casein 0 SPH Casein 0 SPH Casein 0,0 SPH Casein E Relative to casein 3,6 2,4 1,2 0 ** WAT Ucp1 iWAT eWAT MeWAT F Relative to casein 7,5 5,0 2,5 0,0 WAT Dio2 * * * iWAT eWAT MeWAT G Relative to casein 2,4 1,6 0,8 0 WAT Pgc-1α * * iWAT eWAT MeWAT SPH Casein SPH Casein SPH Casein H Gram K 30 20 10 0 Abdominal fat ** SPH SPH + c'am Casein I Relative to casein eWAT Palm-CoA ox 1,4 1,2 1,0 0,8 SPH SPH + c'am eWAT adipocyte cell size SPH SPH + c'am Casein Casein J Rel expression 9 6 3 0 L eWAT gene-expression Ucp1 Dio2 Pgc-1a Relative to control 1,8 1,2 0,6 0 In vitro adipocyte Palm-CoA oxidation SPH SPH + c'am Casein * ** * 0 25 75 200 Taurocholic acid, µmol/L Downloaded from www.jbc.org by guest, on July 7, 2011 19
Figure 3 A KEGG Pathway >2 fold Changed in this pathway Total expressed genes in this pathway Fisher P- value Genes induced by SPH treatment Type I diabetes mellitus 6 19 0,015 RT1-Aw2, RT1-A3, RT1-T24-1, - RT1-CE2, RT1-CE15, RT1-CE10 Genes repressed by SPH treatment PPAR signaling pathway 10 49 0,024 Cd36, Fabp5, Fabp2, Cpt1a, Angptl4, Cyp7a1, Apoa2, Scd1 Fads2, Me1 Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) 10 50 0,027 RT1-Aw2, RT1-A3, RT1-T24-1, RT1-CE2, Ptprm, Igsf4a, Jam3 RT1-CE15, RT1-CE10, Cldn1 Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism 4 11 0,031 - Enpp3, Enpp2, Pbef1, Aox1 Bile acid biosynthesis 5 18 0,038 Hadhb Adh7, Adh1, Srd5a1, Cyp7a1 Sulfur metabolism 3 7 0,044 - Smp2a, Sult2a1, Sult2a2_predicted Antigen processing and presentation 7 35 0,058 RT1-Aw2,RT1-A3,RT1-T24-1,RT1-CE2, Klrd1 RT1-CE15,RT1-CE10 Terpenoid biosynthesis 2 3 0,058 Fdps, Fdft1 - Jak-STAT signaling pathway 8 47 0,085 Akt2, Socs2, Stat3, Stat5b, Stam2, Ghr Il6ra, RGD1560373_predicted Hematopoietic cell lineage 5 25 0,100 Itga5, Itga5_mapped, Cd36, Thpo Il6ra, Cd1d1 B Signal log ratio < -2 -2,0 -1,5 -1,0 -0,5 0.5 1.0 1,5 2,0 > 2 Function Gene Cellular lipid import Fatty acid binding cd36 antigen lipase, hepatic low density lipoprotein receptor low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 3 low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 4 low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein associated protein 1 very low density lipoprotein receptor fatty acid binding protein 2, intestinal fatty acid binding protein 4, adipocyte fatty acid binding protein 5, epidermal fatty acid binding protein 6, ileal (gastrotropin) Fatty acid activation acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 3 acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 5 acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 6 Mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1, liver carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1b solute carrier family 25 (carnitine/acylcarnitine translocase), member 20 carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 acyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase, short/branched chain acyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase, very long chain enoyl coenzyme A hydratase 1, peroxisomal/mitochondrial HADH (trifunctional protein), alpha subunit HADH (trifunctional protein), beta subunit mitochondrial acyl-CoA thioesterase 1 dodecenoyl-coenzyme A delta isomerase Downloaded from www.jbc.org by guest, on July 7, 2011 Krebs/ TCA-cycle citrate synthase aconitase 2, mitochondrial isocitrate dehydrogenase 3, gamma malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, isoenzyme 2 pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, isoenzyme 4 Ketone body metabolism acetyl-coenzyme A acetyltransferase 1 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA lyase 20
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The obesogenic effects of polyunsat
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Table of Contents Acknowledgement .
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Abstract in Danish Polyumættede n-
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Polyunsaturated fatty acids in the
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was more than 3 times higher in the
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gluconeogenesis and ureagenesis (Fi
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high dietary PUFAs, the modulation
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In a pair of population studies, an
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18. Massiera, F. et al. Arachidonic
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54. Xu, J. et al. Polyunsaturated f
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Annexes 1. Ma T, Liaset B, Hao Q, P
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Fish Oil, Sucrose and Obesity Obesi
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Fish Oil, Sucrose and Obesity Figur
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Fish Oil, Sucrose and Obesity Table
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Fish Oil, Sucrose and Obesity 6. Ma
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Carbohydrate source and insulin sec
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20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
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68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79
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114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122
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160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168
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208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216
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256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264
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302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310
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350 351 FIGURE LEGENDS 352 353 354
Page 53 and 54: 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 subunit
Page 55 and 56: 446 447 448 449 450 451 gamma, coac
Page 57 and 58: 484 485 486 TABLE 1. Macronutrient
Page 59 and 60: Energy (kJ/g) 17.16 25.12 25.12 25.
Page 61 and 62: 561 562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569
Page 63 and 64: 635 636 637 638 639 640 641 642 643
Page 65: 711 712 713 714 715 716 717 718 719
Page 74 and 75: Cyclooxygenases and UCP1 Although i
Page 76 and 77: Cyclooxygenases and UCP1 Figure 2.
Page 78 and 79: Cyclooxygenases and UCP1 Figure 4.
Page 80 and 81: Cyclooxygenases and UCP1 PLoS ONE |
Page 82 and 83: Cyclooxygenases and UCP1 E synthase
Page 84 and 85: Cyclooxygenases and UCP1 29. Granne
Page 86 and 87: JBC Papers in Press. Published on J
Page 88 and 89: hydrolysate (SPH), would be protect
Page 90 and 91: was used as the liver cytosolic fra
Page 92 and 93: In order to demonstrate that bile a
Page 94 and 95: Nutritional regulation of endogenou
Page 96 and 97: in increased whole body energy expe
Page 98 and 99: 38. Kanehisa M, and Goto S. (2000)
Page 100 and 101: FOOTNOTES This work was carried out
Page 102 and 103: fed the same diets, plus the SPH-di
Page 106 and 107: Figure 4 A 6 Liver Pparα B 21 Live
Page 108 and 109: Figure 7 A Plasma ALAT B Liver Ucp2
Page 110 and 111: Ruzzin et al. investigated the meta
Page 112 and 113: Ruzzin et al. CD14, and rho kinases
Page 114 and 115: Ruzzin et al. salmon oil induced a
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