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format in widespread use. It was designed as a replacement for the outdated<br />
GIF format, allowing files to use millions of colors instead of only 256. PNG<br />
files have smaller file sizes than GIFs, although they are often larger than<br />
JPEGs, since PNG compression is lossless (never loses any image quality).<br />
The most useful feature of PNG is that it supports something known as<br />
'alpha transparency': basically, images with transparent backgrounds that<br />
blend in perfectly. The only thing stopping widespread adoption of this<br />
feature is that it isn't currently supported by Internet Explorer, but there is a<br />
workaround for this problem: search for ‘AlphaImageLoader’ for more<br />
information.<br />
Converting Between Formats.<br />
For most purposes on the web, all the graphics you want to use should<br />
either be in JPEG format (for photos) or PNG format (for less complicated<br />
graphics). That's a problem if you've got a collection of images in all sorts of<br />
other formats.<br />
Luckily, a good image editor should be able to convert from any format to<br />
any other very easily. In Paint Shop Pro, for example, you simply open your<br />
images and save them again using whatever format you want – you can even<br />
run the 'Batch Converter', which will convert a whole folder full of files all at<br />
once. If you don't have an image editing program, there are plenty of free<br />
image viewers that will do the same job for you.<br />
Chapter 11: The Many Flavors of HTML.<br />
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is the language of the web – every<br />
website out there is written in some kind of HTML. Because of the rapid<br />
evolution of the web, though, HTML grew quickly in a very unplanned way,<br />
which can lead to problems if you're not sure what kind or version of HTML<br />
you're using. Here's a quick history of HTML's flavours so far.<br />
A Long, Long Time Ago...<br />
The first version of HTML was created by the web's inventor, Tim Berners-Lee,<br />
and was loosely based on an existing standard called SGML (Standardized<br />
General Markup Language). This very first version didn't have an img tag,<br />
which meant that no graphics at all could appear on web pages. Berners-Lee<br />
informally extended the language, but didn't standardize it.<br />
The Web Design Guide for Newbies |27
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