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} } ajax = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP"); } else { ajax = new XMLHttpRequest; What you've done there is declared ajax as a global variable (usable by all functions), and then created a new AJAX object when the page loads, either using ActiveX for Internet Explorer or the XMLHttpRequest function in other browsers. The next step is to write two more functions: one to get data from a URL, and one to handle the data that comes back. function getText(url) { ajax.open("GET", url, true); ajax.send(null); } ajax.onreadystatechange = function () { if (ajax.status == "200") { // do things with retrieved text (in ajax.responseText) } } All you need to do then is call getText from the relevant part of your code with a URL you want to get text from, and put that text wherever you want it to be in the state change function. The most powerful thing about this approach is that the URL you send to the server can contain variables, using the old REST (question marks and equals signs) way of doing things. That means that, using the code above, you can easily send a request to ajax.php on your server, and include the current value of, say, an input box for a username on a registration form. The ajax.php script checks whether that username is already in use, and then sends either '1' or '0' as its only output. All you would then need to do is check whether ajax.responseText was 1 or 0, and change the page accordingly, preferably using The Web Design Guide for Newbies |84
getElementByID. Should I Use It? The question remains over just how useful this is: it's certainly good for some applications where users would otherwise have to submit data over and over again, but it's not much use for smaller ones. AJAX coding has a tendency to take a lot of time, especially the first time you try it, and this is often time that could have been better spent on other parts of the project. In short, don't be afraid of AJAX, but make sure you use it when you find a project that's well-suited to asynchronous transfer – don't go trying to fit AJAX to a website that doesn't suit it, just because you think it's cool. Chapter 27: The Web Designer's Toolbox. When you're a web designer, there are lots of little programs that you'll gradually accumulate to make your life that little bit easier. When you've spent hours doing something by hand and you're dreading ever having to do it again, it can be a big relief to learn that there's a free program out there that can do it quickly and effectively for you the next time Color Programs. One of the thorniest issues you'll run into as a web designer is color. Because web colors are all expressed in the somewhat mysterious HTML color (#000000 to #FFFFFF), it can be hard to get the exact colors you want in your design. Don't be fooled into thinking there aren't many to choose from: those colors are in hexadecimal, meaning that each one of those six numbers can have a value anywhere from 0-F (that is, 0-9, A-F). 16 possible values to the power of 6 makes over 16 million possible colors – that's 24-bit color, not bad at all. So, really, instead of trying out millions of colors by hand to see which you like best, it's much better to download an HTML color picker tool – an essential part of every web designers toolbox. It might sound like they'd be very simple, but there are all sorts of features they can have: suggesting 'complementary colors' to the one you've chosen, for example. Some let you take a picture of your screen and click on parts of it to see which HTML color The Web Design Guide for Newbies |85
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ABOUT WEB DESIGNER PAD Web Designer
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Chapter 1: Why You Need a Website?
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Chapter 2: How the Web Works. Many
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Resource Location) while hosting is
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cost. Prepared to be surprised by s
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POP3 accounts. POP stands for 'Post
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these), as well as the email addres
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website to do. What kind of thing d
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professionals, have you? Well, the
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If you don't want to deal with desi
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If you're willing to take the less
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While Mozilla is a web browser itse
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GIF stands for Graphics Interchange
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As the web grew, the lack of standa
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Now, though, you can remove the fon
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intended on every web browser out t
Page 34 and 35: the web without ever knowing a thin
Page 36 and 37: out in the lead in terms of market
Page 38 and 39: hire a professional web designer, o
Page 40 and 41: graphics may be stored in the cache
Page 42 and 43: Note that you will need to save fil
Page 44 and 45: heading is, so h1 for a page's main
Page 46 and 47: 500 - Internal server error. For mo
Page 48 and 49: easons. To begin with, there are tw
Page 50 and 51: that come with Windows, they don't
Page 52 and 53: What's So Bad About Tables? If you'
Page 54 and 55: text-align. Lets you align text on
Page 56 and 57: each down further than the main con
Page 58 and 59: start growing, though, you might fi
Page 60 and 61: the 'glue' that makes a database-dr
Page 62 and 63: Basic-like language named VBScript,
Page 64 and 65: Yet, despite how common databases a
Page 66 and 67: Which Database is Right for You? If
Page 68 and 69: Once you've created your website, y
Page 70 and 71: that is how easy it makes it to cre
Page 72 and 73: mysql_fetch_assoc. Turns the result
Page 74 and 75: Separating the Application Logic. T
Page 76 and 77: written by you or by someone else.
Page 78 and 79: double-click. onmouseover. Runs whe
Page 80 and 81: limits, and do more testing than yo
Page 82 and 83: and no-one else supports it. For be
Page 86 and 87: is being used - useful when you see
Page 88 and 89: on. Resizing works especially well,
Page 90 and 91: provides almost every feature you c
Page 92 and 93: on the Linux GTK (Gimp Toolkit) sys
Page 94 and 95: Ikonboard (http://www.ikonboard.com
Page 96 and 97: the other visitors - your role is t
Page 98 and 99: asked for it. You should link to it
Page 100 and 101: own. It's madness to pay thousands
Page 102 and 103: considering first, but you should b
Page 104 and 105: usiness with you. However, you shou
Page 106 and 107: the checkbox a name so you can refe
Page 108 and 109: same thing goes for lists of states
Page 110 and 111: One of the biggest issues with prin
Page 112 and 113: If you're about to write out a big
Page 114 and 115: don't hide anything from the people
Page 116 and 117: It's Not a Newspaper. What's the di
Page 118 and 119: color is a big subject. As soon as
Page 120 and 121: important in one way: the meta desc
Page 122 and 123: It's not difficult to switch betwee
Page 124 and 125: fonts.com and typography.com for a
Page 126 and 127: sets are red-green; blue-orange, an
Page 128 and 129: while sans-serif fonts have a tende
Page 130 and 131: Look at it this way: not only are y
Page 132 and 133: your content, or, worse, even hide
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sure that your design will work jus
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Smart Tags. Do you think it ends th
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This principle is even more importa
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Each option links through to anothe
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At this point, you'd have a big pro
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one key question you should ask the
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Now, when users hover over the prin
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come to associate its use with that
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tends to provoke is "hey, I was loo
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The Reader Often Crashes. As a fina
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The next problem is the way Java te
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Here's something that many people d
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Trackbacks. Using blog software tha
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Chapter 38: Switching Web Hosts. Fi
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