First 11 pages of thesis. - OPUS - Universität Würzburg

• Ischemia is a restriction in blood supply, generally due to factors in the blood
vessels, with resultant damage or dysfunction of tissue.
• L type calcium channels are a type of voltage-dependent calcium channel.
Voltage-dependent calcium channels are a group of voltage-gated ion channels
found in excitable cells (e.g., muscle, glial cells, neurons, etc.) with a
permeability to the ion Ca 2+ . At physiologic or resting membrane potential,
voltage-dependent calcium channels are normally closed. They are activated
(i.e., opened) at depolarized membrane potentials and this is the source of the
"voltage-dependent" epithet. Activation of particular voltage-dependent calcium
channels allows Ca 2+ entry into the cell, which depending on the cell type,
results in muscular contraction, excitation of neurons, up-regulation of gene
expression, or release of hormones or neurotransmitters.
• Myocardial infarction more commonly known as a heart attack is a medical
condition that occurs when the blood supply to a part of the heart is interrupted,
most commonly due to rupture of a vulnerable plaque.
• Myocardial ischemia is a condition in which oxygen deprivation to the heart
muscle is accompanied by inadequate removal of metabolites because of
reduced blood flow or perfusion.
• Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid cancer in childhood and
the most common cancer in infancy, with an annual incidence of about 650 new
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