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Chapter 6Complex multiplication in highergeneraWe trusted in the God who created the integersand created what we call arithmetic invariants.Arithmetic Variety of Moduli for Genus TwoJun-Ichi Igusa [139]Contents6.1 Abelian varieties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1616.1.1 Definition and first properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1616.1.2 Theta functions and Riemann forms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1616.1.3 Isogenies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1636.1.4 Picard variety and polarizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1646.1.5 Homomorphisms and the Rosati involution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1676.2 Class groups and units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1686.2.1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1686.2.2 Computation of the Picard and unit groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1706.2.3 Multiplication of fractional i<strong>de</strong>als by finite idèles . . . . . . . . . . . . 1716.3 Complex multiplication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1736.3.1 CM field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1736.3.2 Reflex field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1736.3.3 CM abelian varieties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1746.3.4 Homomorphisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1766.3.5 Dual abelian variety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1766.3.6 Polarizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1776.3.7 The main theorems of complex multiplication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1796.4 Class polynomials for genus 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1806.4.1 Jacobian variety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1816.4.2 Igusa invariants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1816.4.3 Igusa class polynomials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1826.4.4 Going further . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184

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