Journal International Law_N2-10.indd

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saerTaSoriso samarTlis Jurnali, #2, 2010 JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, <strong>N2</strong>, 2010aqcevs, Tu igi, sxva safuZvlidan gamomdinare,ukanonoa. amdenad, Tu qmedebakanongareSea, Zalis gamoyenebis an proporciulobisSeswavlis saWiroeba arar sebobs.2.2. SeiaraRebuli Tavdasxmisdefinicia51-e muxli miuTiTebs, rom Tavdacvisufleba gamoiyeneba SeiaraRebuli Ta v-dasxmis arsebobisas. Sesabamisad, zu s-tad unda ganisazRvros termini `Seia ra-Rebuli Tavdasxma~.rogorc gaeros marTlmsajulebissaerTaSoriso sasamarTlom nikaraguissaqmis Sesaxeb gadawyvetilebaSi aRni-Sna, `saerTaSoriso sazRvris meore mxaressamxedro SenaerTebis qmedeba arisSeiaraRebuli Tavdasxmis forma, Tuufro didi masStabisaa, vidre ubralosasazRvro incidenti~. 33sxvadasxva inglisurenovani leqsikoniganmartavs, rom Tavdasxma aris realuriqmedeba da ara safrTxe. garda amisa,mxedvelobaSia misaRebi gaeros wesdebisme-2 muxlis me-4 punqti. is krZalavsrogorc Zalis gamoyenebas, aseve aseTisafrTxis Seqmnas. Sesabamisad, rTuliaimis warmodgena, rom gaeros wesdebisavtorebs 51-e muxlSi gamorCaT frazaàn safrTxis arsebobisas~. 34 miT ufro,rodesac 51-e muxlidan zemoaRniSnulifrazis gamoricxva Seesabameba gaerosmTavar mizans, Seakavos Zalis calmxrivigamoyeneba. amdenad, mkvlevarTa umravlesobaSeiaraRebul Tavdasxmad miiCnevsaqtiur Tavdasxmas, romelic moxdada ara Tavdasxmis safrTxes. 352001 wlis 11 seqtembris Semdeg daiwyomsjeloba imaze, moicavs Tu ara 51-emuxliT gaTvaliswinebuli SeiaraRebuliTavdasxma teroristul Tavdasxmas. 51-emuxli ar miuTiTebs, rom SeiaraRebuliTavdasxma momdinareobs saxelmwifosgan,Tumca es piroba SeiZleba iyos bundovani.Tavdacvis ufleba aris gamonaklisiZalis gamoyenebis zogadi akr-Zalvidan da me-2 muxlis me-4 punqtigamoxatavs akrZalvas saxelmwifoebTanmimarTebaSi.miuxedavad amisa, Tu sxva qveyniste ritoriaze momzadda Tavdasxma arasaxelmwifoebrivi erTeulis mier, mi iCneva,rom man SeiZleba gamoiwvios igiveSedegi, rasac gamoiwvevs saxelmwifosmier ga n xorcielebuli Tavdasxma. amasTanave, argumentad SesaZlebelia gamoiyenon gaeros generaluri asam bleisrezolucia àgresiis definiciis~ Sesaxeb, romelic gansazRvravs, rom Se i-araRebuli bandebis, jgufebis, aralegalurida daqiravebuli Zalebis mi erganxorcielebuli Tavdasxma sa xelmwifos winaaRmdeg aris imave simZimis,rogorc regularuli an sxva mudmivsawyisebze myofi Zalebis Tavdasxma. 36marTlmsajulebis saerTaSoriso sasamarTlomganmarta es debuleba, rogorcCveulebiTi saerTaSoriso samarTlisnorma. Tumca generaluri asambleis rezoluciaTavisTavad ar iwvevs samarT lebrivi valdebulebis warmoSobas. 37 aseTviTarebas, samarTlebrivad, SesaZloa,uwodon konstruqciuli SeiaraRebuliTavdasxma an SeiaraRebuli Tavdasxmisekvivalenturi situacia. 38 amdenad, arasaxelmwifoebriviSeiaraRebuli Ta v-dasxma SeiZleba gaxdes Tavdacvis uflebisgamoyenebis safuZveli, Tu aseTiTavdasxma sakmarisi simZimisaa da momdinareobsucxo qveynis teritoriidan.konstruqciuli Tavdasxma sruladrodia moklebuli saerTaSoriso samarTlebriv safuZvels. igi Tavdacvisuf lebis farTo koncefciaze mianiSnebsda aCvenebs, rom SeiaraRebuli TavdasxmisTvis ar aris aucilebeli, esqmedeba saxelmwifosgan momdinareobdes.dRevandeli realobis gaTvaliswinebiT,amgvar safrTxes, romelic wamosuliaarasaxelmwifoebrivi erTe -ulisagan, albaT, teroristi unda vuwodoT.3911 seqtembris movlenebze saerTa Sorisoreaqcia adasturebs, rom Sei a ra-Rebuli Tavdasxmis koncefcia ar arisSezRuduli saxelmwifos qmedebebiT.uSiSroebis sabWom cno Tavdacvis uflebaTavis or rezoluciaSi, romlebicdauyovnebliv miiRes teroristuli TavdasxmisSemdeg. 4010
x. burkaZe, Zalis gamoyenebis samarTlebrivi aspeqtebi saerTaSoriso samarTalSirezoluciebi zustad ar gansazRvravs,rom teroristuli aqti TanabariaSeiaraRebuli Tavdasxmisa, magram Tavdacvisuflebis aRiarebisas uSiSroebissabWos mouwia gaeTvaliswinebina,rom es iyo teroristuli Tavdasxma,rogorc Se iaraRebuli Tavdasxma 51-emuxlis miznidan gamomdinare. miT ufro,rodesac im droisTvis ukve cnobiliiyo, rom igi gaxldaT teroristuliorganizaciis mier ganxorcielebuli.uSiSroebis sabWos msgavsi poziciahqondaT sxva saerTaSoriso organizaciebs.maga liTad, CrdiloatlantikursabWoSi Se Tanxmdnen: Tavdasxma pirdapirmomdi nareobda sazRvargareTidanSeerTebu li Statebis winaaRmdeg, racmiiCnies qmedebad, romelzec vrceldebavaSingtonis xelSekrulebis me-5 muxli,romelic acxadebs: SeiaraRebuliTavdasxma aliansis erT an met wevrzeevropasa da CrdiloeT amerikaSi ganixilebaTavdasxmad yvelas winaaRmdeg. 41zemoaRniSnulidan gamomdinare, Se i-araRebuli Tavdasxma SeiZleba ganaxorcielosrogorc saxelmwifom, ise arasaxelmwifoebrivmaerTeulma ucxo qveynisteritoriidan. 423. koleqtiuri Tavdacva3.1. koleqtiuri TavdacvismniSvnelobagaeros wesdebis 51-e muxlSi gamoyenebulifraza ìndividualuri an koleqtiuriTavdacva~ martivi gasagebi rodia.praqtikaSi ganasxvaveben Tavdacvis oTxkategorias, esenia: a) individualuriTa vdacva, ganxorcielebuli individualurad;b) individualuri Tavdacva,ganxorcielebuli koleqtiurad; g)koleqtiuriTavdacva, ganxorcielebuliindividualurad; d)koleqtiuriTa vdacva, ganxorcielebuli koleqtiurad.pirveli kategoria gulisxmobsTavdacvis uflebis uSualod gamoyenebas.Tu erTi saxelmwifo Tavs esxmis meores,Tavdasxmis obieqti saxelmwifoTavad reagirebs Setevaze. meore kategoriisSemTxvevaSi, agresori axorcielebsTavdasxmas ramdenime saxelmwifozeerTdroulad an Tanmimdevrulad,Tavdasxmis obieqti qveynebi ki uflebamosilniarian, mimarTon TavdacviTRonisZiebebs. mesame kategoriis drosTavdasxmas individulurad SeiZlebaupa suxos im saxelmwifom, romelzecar ganxorcielebula Seteva, magram isTavdasxmis Sekavebis mizniT exmarebadazaralebul qveyanas. gaeros wesdebisTanaxmad, nebismier wevr qveyanasSeuZlia, daexmaros meore saxelmwifos,Tu igi Tavdasxmis msxverplia. 43 meoTxekategoriis SemTxvevaSi koleqtiuriTav dacva xorcieldeba koleqtiuradanu ori an meti saxelmwifo erTobli vadexmareba dazaralebul qveyanas.marTlmsajulebis saerTaSorisosa samarTlo nikaraguis saqmeSi miuTi-Tebs, rom saxelmwifoebs koleqtiuriTavdacvis ufleba aqvT ara marto gaeroswesdebis 51-e muxlidan gamomdinare,aramed aRiarebulia saerTaSorisoCveulebiTi samarTlis mixedviT. 443.2. koleqtiuri TavdacvisxelSekrulebebigaeros wesdebis 52-e muxlis Tana xmad,dasaSvebia regionalur SeTanxmebaTa anorganoTa arseboba saerTaSoriso mSvidobisada uSiSroebis dacvasTan dakavSirebuliiseTi sakiTxebis gadasawyvetad,romlebic Sesaferisia regionalurimoqmedebisaTvis, im pirobiT, romaseTi SeTanxmebebi an organoebi da maTisaqmianoba Seesabameba organizaciis miznebsada amocanebs. organizaciis wevrebma,romlebmac aseTi SeTanxmebebi dadesan aseTi organoebi Seqmnes, yoveli Roneunda ixmaron adgilobrivi davis mSvidobianigadawyvetis misaRwevad aseTregionalur SeTanxmebaTa an aseTi regionaluriorganoebis daxmarebiT, vidrees dava gaeros uSiSroebis sabWosgadaecema. uSiSroebis sabWom dainteresebulsaxelmwifoTa iniciativiT anTavad unda waaxalisos aseT regionalurSeTanxmebaTa an aseTi regionaluri organoebisdaxmarebiT adgilobrivi davismSvidobiani gadawyveta. 45 52-e muxlSi11
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