Journal International Law_N2-10.indd

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saerTaSoriso samarTlis Jurnali, #2, 2010 JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, <strong>N2</strong>, 2010saxelmwifoebis diskrecias gadaxvevismeqanizmis gamoyenebasTan dakavSirebiT.44samoqalaqo da politikur uflebaTasaerTaSoriso paqtis, adamianis ufleba-Ta amerikuli da evropuli konvenciebisagangansxvavebiT, ekonomikur, socialurda kulturul uflebaTa saerTaSorisopaqti Seicavs ara gadaxvevis, aramedSezRudvis debulebas. naSromis SemdegiTavebi aanalizebs paqtSi gadaxvevis debulebisararsebobis mizezebs. aseve ganxiluliapaqtis me-4 muxlis gamoyenebisarsebuli realoba.2. gadaxvevis sakompromiso meqanizmiekonomikur, socialur da kulturuluflebaTa saerTaSoriso paqtismixedviT: paqtis me-4 muxlis analizia. paqtis SemzRudavi debulebaekonomikur, socialur da kulturuluflebaTa saerTaSoriso paqtisme-4 muxlSi vkiTxulobT:`am paqtis wevri saxelmwifoebi acxadeben,rom saxelmwifos paqtiT uzrunvelyofiliuflebebis SezRudva SeuZliamxolod im doziT, rac gaTvaliswinebuliakanoniT, Seesabameba am uflebebisarssa da aucilebelia demokratiul sazogadoebaSikeTildReobis ganviTarebisTvis~.muxlis amgvari formulireba cxadyofs,rom igi ar uSvebs gadaxvevis SesaZleblobas da saxelmwifoebis SesaZlogadaxvevis praqtikas amarTlebsSezRudvebis gamoyenebiT, 45 romelicunda iyos: 1. kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli;2. konkretuli ufleba Tavad undauSvebdes SezRudvis SesaZleblobas; 3.mTavari mizani unda iyos sazogadoebiskeTildReobis uzrunvelyofa.kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli aRniSnulikriteriumi gulisxmobs, rom kanoniunda iyos zogadi gamoyenebis; unda iyosnaTeli, zusti da xelmisawvdomi; igi,misi ukanono da aramarTlzomieri gamoyenebiswinaaRmdeg, unda iTvaliswinebdesadekvaturi dacvis SesaZleblobas; 46ufro metic, misi gamoyeneba ar undaiyos TviTneburi, aramarTlzomieri,ara proporciuli da diskriminaciuli,ra moTxovnebic, zogadad, arsebobs adamianisuflebaTa samarTalSi. 47rac Seexeba meore moTxovnas, rogorce.w. limburgis principebi naTladmiuTiTebs, SezRudva ar unda iqnesgamoyenebuli imgvarad, rom aman xelyosuflebis arsi. 48 aRniSnulis mixedviT,saxelmwifos SezRudvis ga moyenebisdros ekisreba mtkicebis tvirTi, rommisi qmedebebi Seesabameba SezRuduliuflebis bunebas. 49limburgis principebi aseve ganmartavssazogadoebrivi keTildReobis uzrunvelyofiskriteriums da miuTiTebs,rom SezRudva unda emsaxurebodes mxolodsazogado keTildReobas. 50 zogierTimkvlevari aRniSnul kriteriumsganmartavs imgvarad, rom saxelmwifoebsar aqvT ufleba, moixmon SezRudvisdawesebis ufleba `erovnuli usafrTxoebis~an `sajaro wesrigis~ dacvis mizniT,radgan es ori koncefcia pirdapirar ukavSirdeba sazogadoebisa da misiindividualuri wevrebis keTildReobisSenarCunebas. 51 imave arguments eyrdnobakomiteti saxelmwifoTa angariSebisganxilvis dros da aRniSnavs, rom wevrisaxelmwifoebi kvlavac rCebian valdebulni,daicvan paqtiT gaTvaliswinebulidebulebebi SeiaraRebuli konfliqtebis,Sida areulobebisa Tu ajanyebebisdros.magaliTad, erayis angariSis gan -xi l visas komitetma aRniSna, rom paqtiZalaSi iyo iranis islamur respublikasTanomamde da omis dros, iseve,rogorc erayis mier quveiTis okupaciisSemdeg. komiteti ufro Sors wavida dadaakonkreta, rom embargos SemTxvevaSicki erayi valdebuli iyo, srulad daecvakonvencia, Tumca amis Sesruleba didsiZneleebTan iyo dakavSirebuli. 52gvatemalaSi mimdinare Sida kon -fli q tTan dakavSirebiT, komitetma da -ad gina, rom ocwlianma Sida dapi rispirebam,bunebrivia, xeli SeuSala paqtisimplementacias, Tumca, am Sem TxvevaSicki, saxelmwifo ver gaamarTlebs paqti-116
T. goleTiani, gadaxvevis meqanizmi ekonomikur, socialur da kulturul uflebaTa saerTaSoriso ...dan gamomdinare valdebulebebis Seusruleblobasgadaxvevis uflebis gamoyenebiT.53 komitetma zogadad ganmarta,rom, marTalia, SeiaraRebuli konfliqtixels uSlis adamianis uflebaTa dacvisuzrunvelyofas, wevri saxelmwifoebivaldebulni arian, gamoiCinon keTilineba da xeli Seuwyon paqtis implementacias.54 ufro metic, vinaidan daucvelijgufebi kidev ufro didi riskis qveSarian aseT dros, saxelmwifoebma yvelaferiunda iRonon, raTa uzrunvelyonmaTi paqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli privilegiebi.55meoTxe muxlis arsis srulad gasagebadumjobesi iqneba ekonomikur,socialur da kulturul uflebaTakomitetis mier SemuSavebuli zogadikomentarebis naxva, rogorc muxlis avtoritetuliganmartebis wya rosi. mar-Talia, komitets jer ar Se umuSavebiakonkretulad meoTxe muxlis ganmartebiTizogadi komentari, Tumca komitetispoziciis garkveva SesaZlebelia sxvamuxlebis komentarebidan. magaliTad,komitetma ganaT lebisa da jandacvisuflebis Sesaxeb Tavis zogad komentar-Si xazi gausva imas, rom SezRudva emsaxurebaadamianis uflebebis dacvas daara saxelmwifos mxridan SezRudvebisgamoyenebis uflebas. 56komitetis tradiciuli midgomisTanaxmad, mTavrobis mier gamoyenebulinebismieri saxis SezRudva ar unda ganxorcieldespaqtisgan izolirebulad.SezRudvebis ZiriTadi arsi unda iyosadamianis uflebaTa ukeTesi dacva saer-To keTildReobis uzrunvelyofis gziT;SezRudva unda iyos droebiTi da sruladunda akmayofilebdes paqtiT gaTvaliswinebulkriteriu mebs. komitetsar gamouqveynebia zo gadi komentari paqtisme-4 muxlTan dakavSirebiT, romelicnaTels mo hfenda muxlis samarTlebrivibunebis Sinaarss, Tumca komitetma mogvcamuxlis sakmaod efeqturi ganmartebasxva zogad komentarebSi, aseve saxelmwifoTaangariSebis Sefasebis dros.b. fors-maJori, rogorc gadaxvevisuflebis gamoyenebis safuZveliekonomikur, socialur da kulturuluflebaTa saerTaSoriso paqti arSeicavs pirdapir miTiTebas imis Sesaxeb,rom saxelmwifoebs aqvT paqtis valdebulebebidangadaxvevis ufleba, iqneba esSeiaraRebuli konfliqtis Tu bunebrivikatastrofebis dros. 57 msgavsi midgomaganaviTara komitetma wevri saxelmwifoebismier wardgenili perioduli angariSebisSefasebis dros.saerTaSoriso samarTalSi arsebobssaxelmwifos qmedebis marTlwinaaRmdegobisgamomricxavi garemoebebi. 58 forsmaJori,ukve didi xania, ganixileba erTerTaseT garemoebad. 59 es aris viTareba,rodesac saxelmwifo iZulebulia, ganaxorcielosiseTi qmedeba, romelic ewinaaRmdegebamis mier nakisr saerTaSorisovaldebulebebs. 60 kerZod, venis saer-TaSoriso xelSekrulebebis Sesaxeb konvenciisTanaxmad, `mxares SeuZlia moixmosmis mier xelSekrulebis Se s rulebisSeuZlebloba xelSek ru le bis Sewyvetisan misgan gamosv lis mizniT... Tu valdebulebisSes ru l e bis SeuZlebloba droebiTia,es Se saZlebelia gaxdes mxolodxel Se k rulebis SeCerebis safuZveli~. 61ga r da amisa, saxelmwifoTa pasuxismgeblobisSesaxeb muxlebi iTvaliswinebssaxelmwifos gaTavisuflebas misi saerTaSorisovaldebulebisagan, `Tu moqmedebagamowveulia... dauZleveli angauTvaliswinebeli ZaliT, romelic areqvemdebareba saxelmwifo kontrols daarsebuli garemoebebi fizikurad aferxebsqveynis mier nakisri valdebulebebisSesrulebas~. 62rogorc profesori kroufordiaR niSnavs, fors-maJoris koncefcia Sesulia saerTaSoriso samarTlis sxvadasxvasferos maregulirebel xe l -SekrulebebSi, 63 rac miuTiTebs saerTa-Soriso samarTlis zogadi principisarsebobaze. 64 jer kidev 1929 wels saer-TaSoriso samarTlis mudmivmoqmedmasasamarTlom serbiuli valis saqmeSize moaRniSnul koncefcias mianiWa saer-117
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ivane javaxiSvilis sax. Tbilisis sa
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