Journal International Law_N2-10.indd

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saerTaSoriso samarTlis Jurnali, #2, 2010 JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, <strong>N2</strong>, 2010nelovani gadawyvetilebebi ver miiRe ba,rac vrceldeba am Tu im qmedebis agresiisaqtad aRiarebazec. Sesabamisad, Turomelime mudmivi wevri saxelmwi fospolitikur interesSi ar Sedis ga dawyvetilebis miReba, mas SeuZlia Se aferxos/dablokosprocesi da uSiSro ebissabWo aRmoCndes uunaro saerTaSorisomSvidobisa da usafrTxoebis uzrunvelyofisas.uSiSroebis sabWos mier saerTaSo risomSvidobisa da usafrTxoebis Senar-CunebisaTvis miRebuli gadawyvetilebebisavaldebuloa. 11 gaeros wesdebis48-e muxlis Tanaxmad, maTi SesrulebaSeiZleba daevalos ramdenime wevrqveyanas, Tu sabWo miiCnevs, rom isiniufro ukeT ganaxorcieleben SesabamisRonisZiebas, an yvelas. garda amisa, esmuxli nebas rTavs wevrebs, ganaxorcielonsabWos gadawyvetilebebi regionaluriorganizaciebis meSveobiT. 121.3.2. generaluri asamblea1950 wels generalurma asambleammi iRo cnobili rezolucia `erTobamSv i dobisTvis~, romelSic aRiniSna,rom uSiSroebis sabWoSi mudmivi wevrebiserTsulovnebis nakleboba aferxebssabWos ZiriTadi pasuxismgeblobisSesrulebas mSvidobisa da usafrTxoebisuzrunvelyofis saqmeSi. generalur ma asambleam SesaZlebelia miiRosSesabamisi rekomendaciebi koleqtiuriRonisZiebebis Sesaxeb mSvidobis xelyofisan agresiis dros. Tu am periodSigeneraluri asambleis sesia ar mimdinareobs,riggareSe specialuri sesiamoiwveva 24 saaTSi, uSiSroebis sabWos 7wevris an organizaciis wevrTa umravlesobismoTxovniT, an umravlesobisaganTanxmobis miRebis safuZvelze. 13 miuxedavadamisa, zemoaRniSnul rezoluciasar SeuZlia cvlilebebi Seitanos gaeroswesdebaSi. 14 amasTanave, generaluriasambleis mier miRebul rekomendaciebsar aqvs savaldebulo xasiaTi da maTiSesruleba wevri qveynebisTvis aris mxolodnebayoflobiTi. 151962 wels marTlmsajulebis saer-TaSoriso sasamarTlom sarekomendaciodaskvnaSi gaeros calkeuli xarjebisSesaxeb miuTiTa, rom mxolod uSiSroebissabWo aris uflebamosili, daakisroswevr qveyanas gaeros wesdebis me-7Tavidan gamomdinare valdebulebebi. 16`civi omis~ periodSi generaluriasamblea cdilobda, aeRo uSiSroebissabWos ZiriTadi pasuxismgebloba saer-TaSoriso mSvidobisa da usafrTxoebisuzrunvelyofis saqmeSi, Tumca `civiomis~ Semdgom periodSi es tendenciaTandaTan Seicvala. 17saboloo jamSi, uSiSroebis sabWosmier Tavisi mandatis SeusruleblobisSemTxvevaSi, gaeroSi arc erT sxva organosar SeuZlia misi Canacvleba.2. Tavdacvis ufleba2.1. Tavdacvis uflebiskriteriumebi1996 wels marTlmsajulebis saerTa-Soriso sasamarTlom erT-erT sarekomendaciodaskvnaSi miuTiTa, rom sa samarTloyovelTvis iTvaliswinebs nebismierisaxelmwifos uflebas, gamoiyenosgaerTianebuli erebis organizaciiismier misTvis 51-e muxliT miniWebuliTavdacvis ufleba. 18miuxedavad amisa, marTlmsajulebissaerTaSoriso sasamarTlo, imavdrouladaRniSnavs, rom TiToeulma saxelmwifomTavdacvis ufleba unda gamoiyenosmxolod gansakuTrebul SemTxvevebSi. 19gaeros wesdebis 51-e muxli adgens,rom `es wesdeba ar exeba individualurian koleqtiuri Tavdacvis xelSeuvaluflebas, Tu organizaciis wevrebze SeiaraRebuliTavdasxma moxda manam, sanamuSiSroebis sabWo ar miiRebs mSvidobisada usafrTxoebis dasacavad sxvazomebs...~.amdenad, 51-e muxli moicavs rogorc individualur, ise koleqtiurTav dacvas da gulisxmobs zemoaRniSnulixelSeuvali uflebis gamoyenebasSeiaraRebuli Tavdasxmis SemTxvevaSi.garda amisa, arsebobs gansazRvrulikriteriumebi, romlebic unda daicvanTavdacvis uflebis gamoyenebisas.8
x. burkaZe, Zalis gamoyenebis samarTlebrivi aspeqtebi saerTaSoriso samarTalSimarTlmsajulebis saerTaSoriso sasamarTlomnikaraguis saqmis ganxilvisasmiuTiTa, rom 51-e muxli ar Seicavsraime specialur wess imis Sesaxeb, Tusaxelmwifom rogor unda ganaxorcieloskonkretuli iZulebiTi zoma. TumcasaerTaSoriso CveulebiTi samarTaligansazRvravs, rom pasuxi SeiaraRebulTavdasxmaze unda iyos proporciuli daaucilebeli. 20marTlmsajulebis saerTaSoriso sasamarTlomproporciulobisa da aucileblobiskriteriumebis dacva xelaxladaadastura 2003 wels navTobis platformissaqmesTan dakavSirebiT miRebulgadawyvetilebaSi. 21faqtobrivad, proporciulobisa daaucileblobis kriteriumebs Tan axlavsmesame kriteriumic, rac gulisxmobs dauyovneblivireagirebis aucileblobas.istoriulad zemoaRniSnuli samivekriteriumi `karolinas~ saqmidan momdinareobs.22saxeldobr, 1837 wlis ajanyebam koloniurkanadaSi pova aqtiuri mxardaWeraamerikel moxaliseebsa da kerZomimwodeblebSi, romlebic moqmedebdnenregionis sazRvarTan, SeerTebul StatebSi.britanelebma CaTvales, rom gem`karolinas~ meSveobiT meamboxeebs amaragebdnenssxvadasxva masaliT. britaneTisZalebma kanadis mxridan gadmokve-Tes SeerTebuli Statebis sazRvari gemisdasaufleblad. SeerTebuli Statebisori moqalaqe Setakebis dros gemzedaiRupa, xolo erTi britaneli oficeridaakaves mkvlelobisTvis. 23SeerTebulma Statebma dagmo britaneTis mTavrobis qmedeba da miiCnia, romgaerTianebulma samefom daarRvia Statebissuvereniteti. SeerTebuli St a -tebis saxelmwifo mdivanma daniel vebstermabritaneTis mTavrobisgan mo i-Txova Tavdacvis uflebis gamoyene biskanonierebis dasabuTeba, aucileblobis,proporciulobisa da droulobiskriteriumebTan Sesabamisobis Tval sa z-risiT. 24birTvuli iaraRis saqmeze gaerosmarTlmsajulebis saerTaSoriso sasa -mar Tlom sarekomendacio daskvnaSi daadgina,rom aucileblobisa da proporciulobiskriteriumebi Zalis gamoyenebisnebismieri SemTxvevis mimarT moqmedebs, maT Soris, gaeros wesdebis 51-emuxlis Sesabamisad Tavdacvis mizniT Zalisgamoyenebisas. 25 garda amisa, saqmeze– nikaragua amerikis SeerTebuli StatebiswinaaRmdeg – gaeros marTl msa julebissaerTaSoriso sasamarT lom daadgina, rom Tavdacvis uflebis mi z niTSe i araRebuli Tavdasxmis proporci u lida mis mosagerieblad aucilebeli RonisZiebebisganxorcieleba saerTaSorisoCveulebiT samarTalSi aRiarebulinormaa. 26aucileblobis kriteriumi efuZnebaSemdeg garemoebebs: a) saxelmwifo iyenebsTavdacvis uflebas, rodesac Tavdasxmadawyebulia konkretuli qveynis mier; b)Zala gamoiyeneba mxolod SeiaraRebuliTavdasxmis winaaRmdeg da ara incidentisan sxva msgavsi SemTxvevis dros; g)amoiwura yvela misaRebi alternatiulisaSualeba. Sesabamisad, Tu diplomatiuri,ekonomikuri, sainformacio, samarTlebrivian sxva gzebiT SesaZlebeliasafrTxis Sekaveba, TavdacviTi mizniTZalis gamoyeneba miiCneva gaeros wesdebisme-2 muxlis me-4 punqtis darRvevad. 27sxva sityvebiT, Zalis gamoyeneba aucilebeliar aris manam, sanam Sedegi miiRwevamSvidobiani RonisZiebebiT. 28proporciuloba aris Zalis gamoyenebissamarTlis fundamenturi komponenti.29 istoriulad igi samarTlianiomis Teoriis nawilia. 30 proporciulobisprincipi zRudavs TavdacviT qmedebasim farglebSi, rac aucilebeliaTa vdasxmis mosagerieblad. 31 amdenad,proporciuli Zala gulisxmobs Zalisim odenobiT gamoyenebas, romelic sa-Tanadoa Setevis Sesakaveblad. mesamekriteriumi vebsteris formulidan momdinareobs da niSnavs dauyovnebliv,yo velgvari fiqrisa da yoymanis gareSeTavdasxmis SeCerebis mizniT, aqtiur moqmedebazegadasvlas. 32Tavdacvis uflebis kriteriumebisdacva gamoyenebul Zalas kanonierad ver9
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PAATA TSINTSADZEKOSOVO: NORMS AND C
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