Journal International Law_N2-10.indd

saerTaSoriso samarTlis Jurnali, #2, 2010 JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, N2, 2010venciis, 1967 wlis 31 ianvris damatebiTioqmisa da sxva mniSvnelovaniSeTanxmebebis Sesabamisad, Semdeg sakiTxebze:(a) im kriteriumebisa da meqanizmebisgansasazRvravad, Tu romeliwevri saxelmwifoa pasuxismgebeli,ganacxadis ganxilvaze, romelicganxorcielebul iqna mesameqveynis moqalaqis mier erT-erTwevr saxelmwifoSi,(b) minimaluri standartebi Tav SesafrismaZiebelTa misaRebad wevrsaxelmwifoebSi,(c) minimaluri standartebi mesameqveynis moqalaqeTa ltolvilebadmisaCnevad,(d) minimaluri standartebis procedurebzewevr saxelmwifoTaTvisltolvilis statusis misaniWebladan mosaxsnelad~.rogorc zemoT moyvanili muxlidanCans, amsterdamis xelSekrulebaadasturebs im miznebs, romlebic ukveganviTarebulia saxelmwifoTa praqtikiT,raTa ganisazRvros ltolvilissta tusi da TavSesafari. es institutiTavidanve orientirebulia im pirTadacvaze, romlebic CamoTvlilia `1951wlis Jenevis konvenciaSi ltolvilTastatusis Sesaxeb” 10 (SemdgomSi – `Jeneviskonvencia~), 1A muxlSi da ara im pirebisdasacavad, romlebic ver xvdebian amkonvenciiT dacul pirTa kategoriaSi,Tumca xvdebian adamianis uflebaTa damcavsxva saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebeb-Si. 63-e muxlis II punqti adgens kategoriaTagamijvnas:`RonisZiebebi ltolvilebisa dagadaadgilebul pirTa mimarT:(a) minimaluri standartebi droebiTidacvis misaniWeblad mesame qveynidangadaadgilebul pirebze, romelTacar SeuZliaT da b runeba maTi warmo-Sobis qveyanaSi da im pirebis mimarT,romlebic sxva garemoebaTa gamosaWiroeben saerTaSoriso dacvas~.muxlSi gaJRerebuli ormagi dacvismizani asaxulia direqtivaSi: `pirebi,romlebic saWiroeben saerTaSorisodacvas~. 11 aRniSnuli gansazRvravs pir-Ta or kategorias, romlebic saWiroebensaerTaSoriso dacvas: pirveli,Jenevis konvenciiT gansazRvruli pirebida, meore, romlebic, Tumca ar arianltolvilebi Jenevis konvenciis mixedviT,SeuZliaT moiTxovon saerTaSorisodacva sxva safuZvlebiTac, adamianisuflebaTa saerTaSoriso samarTlis mixedviT.direqtiva aris Semxvedri SesaZ lebloba,raTa erTi niSnis qveS gaerTiandnenJenevis konvenciiT daculi pirebida, agreTve, pirebi, romlebic amavekonvenciis mixedviT ar eqvemdebarebianltolvilis statuss. es direqtiva saer-TaSoriso samarTlis erT-erTi mniSvnelovanimonapovaria, vinaidan erTianistatusis SeqmniT gafarTovda daculpirTa wre saerTaSoriso samarTalSi.aseTi xedva ar aris ucxo ganviTarebulisaxelmwifoebisaTvis. amerikisSeerTebuli Statebi da kanada mihyvebianam praqtikas da, agreTve, zogierTievropuli saxelmwifoc, maT Soris espaneTi1994 wlis reformebis Semdeg. 12xsenebul direqtivasTan mimarTebiT,damatebiT SegviZlia vTqvaT, rompirveli samarTlebrivad mboWavi instrumentiTavSesafris uflebasa damigraciis sakiTxebze aris logikurisaTave CEAS-ze SeTanxmebis ganxorcielebasTandakavSirebuli 1999–2004wlebSi gamocemuli Semdegi direqtivebisa:`droebiTi dacvis Sesaxeb masobrivigadaadgilebisas~; 13 `miRebis kriteriumebiTavSesafris maZiebelTaTvis~; 14`procedura ltolvilis statusis misaniWebladda mosaxsnelad~, 15 agreTve,e.w. `dublinis regulacia~, romelicmoicavs wevr saxelmwifoTa pasuxismgeblobasTavSesafris maZieblebTan dakav-SirebiT. 16CEAS-is pirveli fazis dasrulebisas,evrokomisiis Sexvedraze 2004 wlisnoemberSi miRebul iqna `haagis programa~,romelic ayalibebs saxelmZRvaneloprincipebs CEAS-is II fazis gansaviTareblad:62