Health Policy Issues and Health Programmes in ... - Amazon S3

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Session 5STI/RTI, AIDS, and TB Controland ManagementChairpersonJ C PantQuality of RTI/STI Case Management Servicesin India: Perspectives and ChallengesDinesh AgarwalHIV/AIDS: International PerspectiveDCS ReddyHIV/AIDS in India and UttaranchalMohmed ShaukatTB Control Efforts in India and UttaranchalSuvanand SahuDiscussantDora Warren
Quality of RTI/STI Case Management Services in India: Perspectives and ChallengesSession 5Quality of RTI/STI CaseManagement Services in India:Perspectives and ChallengesDinesh Agarwal, Manager, Technical Support Unit, UNFPA, New DelhiIntroductionReproductive tract infections (RTIs), including sexually transmitted infections(STIs), are a major source of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with farreachinghealth, social, and economic consequences. It is estimated that aftermaternal causes, RTIs/STIs are responsible for the greatest number of healthyyears lost among women in developing countries. STIs account for 1.9percent of the burden of disease in disability-adjusted life years for womenglobally, with the highest values occurring in Southeast Asia and Africa (WHO,2000). India has a high incidence of STIs with an estimated annual incidencerate of 5 percent or 40 million new cases a year (National AIDS ControlOrganization, 2000).Ulcerative or non-ulcerative STIs both enhance HIV transmission amongcarriers and increase the risk of acquiring HIV (Hook, 1992; Laga, 1993;Plummer et al., 1991). Sub-groups at greatest risk of incurring STIs are oftenat risk of HIV infection as well. Studies carried out in Pune (Mehendele et al.,1996; Rodrigues et al., 1995) and Chennai (Solomon et al., 1994) demonstratean increase in incidence of HIV infection among STI clinic attendees. Bothstudies observed the risk of HIV infection in STI clinic attendees to be around10 percent per year. The results also suggest that this increase is not confinedto people with high-risk behaviour but is spreading into the population atlarge (i.e., antenatal mothers, voluntary blood donors, and women who claimto be monogamously married). One example of how STI management haslessened the impact of the HIV pandemic comes from Mwanza region inTanzania (Grosskurtu et al., 1995). Independent of their interaction with HIV,STIs are a principal cause of long-term morbidity and secondary infertility,leading to social stigma and economic hardship for those affected, especiallywomen.The Programme of Action, endorsed at the ICPD in Cairo in 1994 (andreaffirmed at Cairo+5), emphasized the urgent need for reproductive health159
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Health Policy IssuesandHealth Progr
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ContentsContentsPrefaceList of Part
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I would also like to thank our tech
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List of ParticipantsIndu Kumar Pand
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List of ParticipantsMohmed ShaukatD
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List of ParticipantsR K PurohitAddi
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GlossaryGlossaryAbbreviationsAIIMSA
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GlossaryLHVLILMISMAPMCMCHMDRTBMDTM&
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GlossaryTHRTRCTRIPsTTTUUDCUIPUPUTVC
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Inaugural Sessionwould be the first
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Inaugural SessionOnly 18% of the pr
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Inaugural SessionMadhukar Gupta, Ch
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Inaugural Sessionrotational basis f
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Inaugural Sessiontell you more abou
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Public Health Issues, Priorities, a
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National Health Programmes: An Over
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Implementation of National Health P
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Use of Epidemiological Surveillance
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Designing a Surveillance SystemFurt
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Designing a Surveillance Systemsurv
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National Health Programme in Uttara
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IEC Strategies for Health in IndiaS
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IEC Strategies for Health in Indial
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IEC Strategies for Health in IndiaS
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IEC Strategies for Health in IndiaA
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IEC for Health Programmes in Uttara
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Session 3Private and Public SectorP
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Public-Private Interaction in Healt
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Page 120 and 121: Public-Private Interaction in Healt
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Hospital Waste ManagementTreatment
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Hospital Waste Management4. Tempera
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Hospital Waste ManagementTable 6. U
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Streamlining the Drug Procurement a
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Sanitation and Public Health Issues
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Ayurveda and Unani Department and t
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Specific Health Policy and Programm
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