Technical Guidelines for Integrated Disease Surveillance ... - PHRplus

More documents

Recommendations

Info

List of TablesTable 1: Surveillance activities to detect and respond to priority diseases, by level 7of the health systemTable 2: Priority diseases for IDSR in Ghana (n=23) 13Table 3: Mode of reporting Ghana’s 23 priority diseases to the next higher levels 22Table 4: Deadlines for reporting to the next higher level 23Table 5: Objectives, tools and methods of descriptive analysis for communicable 31diseasesTable 6: Alert and epidemic/action threshold for priority diseases under surveillance 40Table 7: Daily water needs per person during outbreak and non-outbreak situations 62Table 8: District-level indicators for monitoring quality of surveillance and response 72at the health facilityTable 9: Surveillance function and supervisory activities 75List of FiguresFigure 1: Information flow in an integrated disease surveillance system 5Figure 2: Weekly trend of cholera in Accra Metropolis June-August 2001 compared 33with same period 2000Figure 3: Number of cases by day of onset of symptoms 33Figure 4: Meningitis cases from the Bolgatanga district 34Figure 5: Spot map of District X 35viiiTable of Contents
AcknowledgementsThese technical guidelines for Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) in Ghana were adaptedfrom an original document developed by the World Health Organization (WHO)/African Regional Office(AFRO) and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for IDSR in the African Region. The contributionof the Ghanaian Assessment Team, which reviewed the country’s existing surveillance system to identify itsstrengths, weaknesses and opportunities for integrated disease surveillance and participated in the developmentof the Plan of Action for IDSR, is gratefully acknowledged. We thank representatives of the U.S. Agency forInternational Development-funded Partners for Health Reformplus Project (PHRplus), who helped to adapt theguidelines. We are also grateful for the two-member team from Ministry of Health in Malawi, which participatedin the Ghanaian adaptation process in order to learn lessons from it.The contributions of the following Adaptation Task Force members to the final adaptation of these guidelinesare gratefully acknowledged:Ghana Health Service/Ministry of HealthWHO/GhanaWHO/AFROWHO/GenevaPHRplusMr. J.K AddoDr. L. AhadzieDr. M. Essel AhunMr.G. AmenuvegbeDr. G. AmofahDr.E.K. AnsahDr. F. BonsuProf. R.K. BritwumDr. K.O. Antwi-AgyeiMs. E. AlhassanMr. E.T. LarbiDr. C. MarfoDr. S.B. OforiDr. S.O. SackeyMrs. M. Quist-ThersonDr. A. TwumasiMr. A. WiahDr. J. AmankwaDr. M. EshetuDr. N. AgataDr. W. AlemuDr. M. KoneDr. I. SowDr. S. ChungongMs. C. QuijadaMr. J. SetzerThe contribution of a five-member working group that carried out the initial adaptation and wrote thesections on priority diseases for Ghana not included in the generic guidelines cannot be over-emphasized. Wealso gratefully acknowledge the contribution of the consultant for the finalization of the first draft of the guidelinesfor Ghana.Working Group for Initial AdaptationMr. J.K. AddoDr. Lawson AhadzieMr. Gregory AmenuvegbeDr. Evelyn K. AnsahDr. S.O. SackeyFinalization of First DraftDr. Evelyn K. AnsahFinally, we thank members of the PHRplus communications group who edited and designed this document,and the U.S. Agency for International Development, World Health Organization, and U.N. Foundation for theirsupport of its production.Acknowledgementsix
Page 3: Technical Guidelines forIntegrated
Page 6 and 7: 3.3.1 Review the updated charts, ta
Page 8 and 9: 7.1.2 Monitor timeliness and comple
Page 13: AcronymsAFROAFPAIDSCBSCBSWCDCDHMTE-
Page 18 and 19: An ill person presents to medical a
Page 20 and 21: How are surveillance functions desc
Page 22 and 23: 4.0 Investigate** 5.0 Respond 6.0 P
Page 24 and 25: National4.0 Investigate** 5.0 Respo
Page 26 and 27: In general, the health of Ghanaians
Page 28 and 29: How does Ghana’s MOH/GHS support
Page 30 and 31: 1.0 Identify Cases of Priority Dise
Page 32 and 33: 1.2 Improve district procedures for
Page 35 and 36: Section 2Report Priority Diseases a
Page 37 and 38: Name of diseaseRoutine summary repo
Page 39 and 40: Identify and train CBS volunteers o
Page 41: Clinicians, ward nurses or other re
Page 44 and 45: 3.0 Analyse DataAnalysing trends of
Page 46 and 47: 3. Label all the rows and columns,
Page 48 and 49: Figure 4: Meningitis cases from Bol
Page 50 and 51: The first step in analysing data by
Page 52 and 53: 3.2.3.3 Calculate case fatality rat
Page 54 and 55: Table 6: Alert and epidemic/action
Page 56 and 57: 3.4 Use the analysis results to imp
Page 58 and 59: 4.0 Investigate Reported Outbreaks
Page 60 and 61:
4.4 Prepare to conduct an investiga
Page 62 and 63:
Review laboratory results with the
Page 64 and 65:
Draw a histogram representing the c
Page 66 and 67:
If the shape of the curve suddenly
Page 68 and 69:
5.0 Prepare and Respond to Outbreak
Page 70 and 71:
Periodically review and update othe
Page 72 and 73:
3. Select appropriate communication
Page 74 and 75:
Improve safe disposal of human wast
Page 76 and 77:
Table 7: Daily water needs per pers
Page 78 and 79:
Recommendations for improving epide
Page 80 and 81:
6.0 Provide FeedbackData are report
Page 82 and 83:
The newsletter can be produced simp
Page 84 and 85:
7.0 Evaluate and Improve Surveillan
Page 86 and 87:
Table 8 lists possible indicators t
Page 88 and 89:
Priority diseases are recorded in t
Page 90 and 91:
Indicators for measuring quality of
Page 93 and 94:
Section 8Community-based Surveillan
Page 95 and 96:
members to take action in the event
Page 97 and 98:
Participate in information dissemin
Page 99 and 100:
Section 9Summary Guidelines for Spe
Page 101 and 102:
Analyse and interpretdataReferenceT
Page 103 and 104:
Buruli UlcerBackground Buruli ulce
Page 105 and 106:
Cholera may cause severe dehydratio
Page 107 and 108:
Respond to epidemicthresholdIf a su
Page 109 and 110:
In Ghana, the disease was endemic i
Page 111 and 112:
ReferenceA guide to eliminating lep
Page 113 and 114:
Promote environmental sanitation: c
Page 115 and 116:
Surveillance goal Use a rapid late
Page 117 and 118:
OnchocerciasisBackground Filarial
Page 119 and 120:
Poliomyelitis (Acute flaccid paraly
Page 122 and 123:
Public health action Conduct activ
Page 124 and 125:
The global HIV pandemic has been a
Page 126 and 127:
Respond toepidemicAnalyse and inter
Page 128 and 129:
Public health action Case finding
Page 131 and 132:
Annex 1Using Assessment Results to
Page 133:
Tally, compile and report summary t
Page 136 and 137:
Diseases of special public health f
Page 138 and 139:
Pneumonia in childrenless than 5 ye
Page 140 and 141:
Other diseases of public health imp
Page 143 and 144:
Annex 5Laboratory Tests for Confirm
Page 145 and 146:
Suspected disease orconditionCholer
Page 147 and 148:
Suspected disease orconditionDiagno
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
Page 153:
Annex 6List of Laboratories for Con
Page 157 and 158:
Annex 8Case-based Surveillance Repo
Page 159 and 160:
If laboratory specimen collectedFor
Page 161:
16. When the investigation of the c
Page 164 and 165:
(For reporting from health facility
Page 166 and 167:
13. For vaccine-preventable disease
Page 169 and 170:
Annex 11Total Number of Patients Se
Page 171:
Annex 12Year ___________ Quarter __
Page 174 and 175:
Analysis, interpretations, comments
Page 176 and 177:
C. Location of Lesion(s)19. Upper l
Page 179 and 180:
Annex 15Monthly Registration of Bur
Page 181:
Classification a Location of Lesion
Page 185:
Annex 17Managing Public Health Surv
Page 189 and 190:
Annex 19Sample Tables for Person An
Page 191 and 192:
Annex 20Log of Suspected Outbreaks
Page 193:
Instructions for filling suspected
Page 196 and 197:
INITIAL CLINICAL HISTORYPlease use
Page 198 and 199:
SPECIMEN COLLECTIONDate Sent toDate
Page 200 and 201:
186Technical Guidelines for Integra
Page 202 and 203:
188Technical Guidelines for Integra
Page 205 and 206:
Annex 25Treat Cases During an Outbr
Page 207 and 208:
Also give home-based fluids as foll
Page 209 and 210:
3. Give vitamin A to children with
Page 211:
Annex 26Preparing Disinfectant Solu
Page 214 and 215:
If the health facility does not kee
Page 216 and 217:
Message:DO YOU PREPARE FOOD SAFELY?
Page 218 and 219:
Reducing exposure to mosquitoesPERS
Page 221 and 222:
Annex 30Estimating Vaccine Supplies
Page 223:
Annex 31Recommended Immunization Pr
Page 226 and 227:
Lab analysis and results:With text,
Page 228 and 229:
District Epidemic Management Commit
Page 231 and 232:
Annex 35Checklist for Supervising S
Page 233 and 234:
Activity Supervisory Question Answe
Page 235 and 236:
Annex 36Indicators for Monitoring t
Page 238:
Partners for HealthReformplusU.S. A
show all

Technical Guidelines for Integrated Disease Surveillance ... - PHRplus

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?