Technical Guidelines for Integrated Disease Surveillance ... - PHRplus

Pneumonia in childrenless than 5 years ofagePneumoniaAny child 2 months to 5 years of age with cough or difficult breathing andBreathing 50 breaths or more per minute in an infant 2 months to 1 year of ageBreathing 40 breaths or more per minute for a child 1 to 5 years of age(Infants less than 2 months with fast breathing – 60 breaths or more per minute – arereferred for serious bacterial infection.)Severe pneumoniaAny child 2 months up to 5 years of age with cough or difficult breathing, and with anygeneral danger sign, or chest indrawing, or stridor in a calm child. General dangersigns are: unable to drink or breastfeed, vomits everything, convulsions, lethargy orunconsciousness.OnchocerciasisSchistosomiasisSexually transmittedinfections (STIs)TrachomaYawsIn an endemic area, any person with fibrous nodules in subcutaneous tissues.Urinary schistosomiasisAny person with terminal haematuria.Intestinal schistosomiasisA person with chronic or recurrent intestinal symptoms (blood in stool, bloodydiarrhoea, diarrhoea, abdominal pains) or at a later stage, hepatosplenomegalyGenital ulcer syndromeAny male with an ulcer on the penis, scrotum or rectum, with or without inguinaladenopathy, or any female with an ulcer on the labia, vagina, cervix or rectum, with orwithout inguinal adenopathyUrethral discharge syndromeAny male with urethral discharge with or without dysuriaAny person with recurrent inflammation and scarring of the conjunctiva and inner liningof the eyelid.The late stage of the disease may manifest as in-turned eye lids (entropion) with theeyelashes rubbing on the cornea (trichiasis)Primary yawsThe presence of granulomatous ulcers (usually on the face or extremities) accompaniedby enlargement of the regional lymph glands within 2–8 weeks of the spirochaetalinfection which disappear several weeks later.124Technical Guidelines for Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response in Ghana