Technical Guidelines for Integrated Disease Surveillance ... - PHRplus

1.0 Identify* 2.0 Report 3.0 Analyse and InterpretNationalEstablish steps forsurveillance of sentientpopulationsConduct specialsurveys to gather informationabout reported cases,outbreaks and unusualeventsDefine and updatesurveillance needs andimplement training for andother support to each levelAdvocate for adequateresources to support theidentification and reportingof casesSet policies andprocedures with nationalreference laboratoryUse national referencelaboratory for maintainingquality control andstandardsSet policies and procedures forreporting priority diseases and conditionsat each levelInclude private sector laboratories inthe reporting networkSupport reporting activities throughoutthe systemProvide reports to WHO as requiredand share information with otherpartnersSet policies and procedures foranalysing and interpreting dataAggregate data received fromdistrict reportsMake sure each level usesappropriate denominators for analysisInterpret trends from nationalperspectiveAdopt or define action thresholdsProvide training resources foranalysing and interpreting dataAnalyse data for time, person andplaceAnalyse map and stratify by districtand other factorsMake conclusions based onanalysis resultsDefine public health analysis skillsappropriate to each level of personnelin the system4.0 Investigate** 5.0 Respond 6.0 Provide Feedback7.0 Evaluate and Improvethe SystemRegionSupport activities ofthe district for investigatingreportedoutbreaks: supplies,logistics, equipment,budgetAlert laboratory andsupport its confirmationactivities: supplies,transport, media,logistics, transport ofspecimensNotify national levelabout confirmedoutbreakDistribute additionalspecimen collectionkits for specialsurveillance activitiesRequest additionalspecimens as neededTake part inepidemic responseSupport district healthmanagement committees toselect and implement appropriatepublic health response(for example, to strengthencase management, conductimmunization activity, improvecontrol and preventionactivities)Alert nearby areas anddistricts about the confirmedoutbreakAlert nearby areasand districts aboutoutbreaksGive health facilitiesregular, periodicfeedback about routinecontrol and preventionactivitiesMonitor and evaluateprogram targets and indicatorsfor measuring quality ofthe surveillance systemMonitor and evaluatetimeliness and completenessof reporting from healthfacilities in the districtMonitor and evaluatetimeliness of response tooutbreaksMonitor routine preventionactivities and modify them asneededNationalAlert laboratory andsupport its confirmationactivities: supplies,transport, media,logistics, transport ofspecimensSupport activitiesfor investigatingreported outbreaks:supplies, logistics,equipment, budgetCollaborate withinternational authoritiesas needed duringinvestigationsSet policies andprocedures for responding tocases and outbreaks of prioritydiseases and conditionsSupport epidemicresponse and preparednessactivitiesReport and disseminateresults of outbreak response inbulletins, media, press releasesand briefingsGive feedback aboutresponse activities toeach levelGive districts regularperiodic feedback aboutroutine control andprevention activitiesDevelop andperiodically distributeregional bulletin forepidemiology and publichealthEstablish anddisseminate policies formonitoring surveillance andoutbreak response activitiesEstablish policies andpractices for supervisingsurveillance and outbreakresponse activitiesEvaluate detection andreporting activities and makeimprovements as needed:Monitor and evaluateprogramme targets andindicators for measuringquality of the surveillancesystemIntroduction 9