Technical Guidelines for Integrated Disease Surveillance ... - PHRplus

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Technical Guidelines forIntegrated DiseaseSurveillance and Responsein GhanaApril 2002Recommended citation:Government of Ghana, Ministry of Health, National Surveillance Unit. 2002. Technical Guidelinesfor Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response in Ghana. Accra.Cover: Health workers conduct an immunization session in Kumasi, Ghana.Photo courtesy of Sarah England.
Page 5 and 6: Table of ContentsAcknowledgementsix
Page 7 and 8: Section 5: Respond to Outbreaks and
Page 9 and 10: Annex 3: Case Definitions for Use i
Page 11: AcknowledgementsThese technical gui
Page 17 and 18: At any given time, ISDR may also fo
Page 19 and 20: Figure 1: Information flow in an in
Page 21 and 22: Table 1: Surveillance activities to
Page 23 and 24: 1.0 Identify* 2.0 Report 3.0 Analys
Page 25 and 26: A set of definitions for thresholds
Page 27 and 28: programmes have their own disease s
Page 29 and 30: Section 1Identify Cases of Priority
Page 31 and 32: Without the laboratory confirmation
Page 33: 1.3.1 Establish communication with
Page 36 and 37: 2.0 Report Priority Diseases and Co
Page 38 and 39: 2.2 Record information in clinic re
Page 40 and 41: The health worker who completes the
Page 43 and 44: Section 3Analyse DataThis section d
Page 45 and 46: This information comes from data in
Page 47 and 48: Figure 2: Weekly trend of cholera i
Page 49 and 50: Prepare a code of signs to use on t
Page 51 and 52: 3.2.3.1 Make a table for person ana
Page 53 and 54:
3.3.2 Compare the current situation
Page 55 and 56:
3.3.4 Summarise the analysis result
Page 57 and 58:
Section 4Investigate Reported Outbr
Page 59 and 60:
1. If data from previous years is a
Page 61 and 62:
Select the variables to identify, r
Page 63 and 64:
4.8 Record information about the ad
Page 65 and 66:
Roads, water sources, location of s
Page 67 and 68:
Section 5Respond to Outbreaks and O
Page 69 and 70:
Laboratory technician/laboratory te
Page 71 and 72:
new procedures. The district should
Page 73 and 74:
3. Identify areas or populations at
Page 75 and 76:
5.2.3.4 Enhance surveillanceDuring
Page 77 and 78:
5.2.3.8 Improve food handling pract
Page 79 and 80:
Section 6Provide FeedbackThis secti
Page 81 and 82:
6.2.2 Information summary sheetsAn
Page 83 and 84:
Section 7Evaluate and Improve Surve
Page 85 and 86:
If you routinely record and review
Page 87 and 88:
7.1.6 Select data to serve as indic
Page 89 and 90:
Table 9: Surveillance function and
Page 91:
7.4.5 Prioritise plans for improvem
Page 94 and 95:
8.0 Community-based SurveillanceCom
Page 96 and 97:
Minimum disease and other health da
Page 98 and 99:
Apart from the aggregation of indiv
Page 100 and 101:
This section provides summary guide
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Case definitionGhana uses the Modif
Page 104 and 105:
Characteristic histopathology on bi
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Person:Count weekly total cases and
Page 108 and 109:
Public health actionIf you observe
Page 110 and 111:
Since 1985 Ghana has been working t
Page 112 and 113:
MalariaBackground Malaria is a hig
Page 114 and 115:
Surveillance goal Detect outbreaks
Page 116 and 117:
Neonatal tetanusBackground A neuro
Page 118 and 119:
PneumoniaBackground Infection of t
Page 120:
Analyse and interpretdataTime:Place
Page 123 and 124:
TS = Presence of scarring, showing
Page 125 and 126:
Analyse and interpretdataTime:Place
Page 127 and 128:
Public health action:Respond to a l
Page 129:
Respond to epidemicthresholdCollect
Page 132 and 133:
Meeting to routinely assess prepare
Page 135 and 136:
Annex 2Case Definitions for Identif
Page 137 and 138:
TuberculosisSmear-positive pulmonar
Page 139 and 140:
Annex 3Case Definitions for Use in
Page 141:
Annex 4List of District Reporting S
Page 144 and 145:
Table A-3: Specimens for laboratory
Page 146 and 147:
Suspected disease orconditionDiagno
Page 148 and 149:
Suspected disease orconditionMeasle
Page 150 and 151:
Suspected disease orconditionDiagno
Page 152 and 153:
Suspected disease orconditionYellow
Page 155:
Annex 7Maintaining Clinic Registers
Page 158 and 159:
Case-based surveillance reporting f
Page 160 and 161:
Instructions for completing case-ba
Page 163 and 164:
Annex 9Line List for Reporting Case
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To be completed by the health facil
Page 167:
Annex 10Weekly Notifiable Disease R
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Total immediately reportable cases
Page 173 and 174:
Annex 13Tuberculosis Quarterly Repo
Page 175 and 176:
Annex 14Cased-based Surveillance Re
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G. Treatment Outcomes25. Healed wit
Page 180 and 181:
Year: _____________________ Month:
Page 183:
Annex 16Quarterly Report on New and
Page 187:
Annex 18Sample Grid for Time Analys
Page 190 and 191:
Comparing inpatient and outpatient
Page 192 and 193:
No. of casesactually identified(7)D
Page 195 and 196:
Annex 21Case Investigation Form - N
Page 197 and 198:
Annex 22Case Investigation Form - A
Page 199 and 200:
Annex 23Case Investigation Form - G
Page 201 and 202:
Annex 23: Case Investigation Form -
Page 203:
Annex 24Checklist of Laboratory Sup
Page 206 and 207:
Antibiotics recommended for treatme
Page 208 and 209:
Reassess the patient after the firs
Page 210 and 211:
Other recommended antibiotics to tr
Page 213 and 214:
Annex 27Conducting a Register Revie
Page 215 and 216:
Annex 28Sample Messages for Communi
Page 217 and 218:
Clean drinking water and storageCom
Page 219:
Annex 29Planning an Emergency Immun
Page 222 and 223:
6. If the vaccine requires a diluen
Page 225 and 226:
Annex 32District Outbreak Report Fo
Page 227 and 228:
Annex 33Self-evaluation of the Time
Page 229:
Annex 34Record of Reports ReceivedD
Page 232 and 233:
Health facility:___________________
Page 234 and 235:
Technical Guidelines for Integrated
Page 236:
SupervisionTrainingResources andper
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