Exhibit JC42 - The Leveson Inquiry

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For Distribution to CPsHacks and Dons - Teaching at the London University Journalism School 1919-1939: Its origin,development and influence.profession of journalism.., by instituting examinations for youngcandidates. ’98Looking back over the century at what appear as distinctly positiveapproaches to the question of trying to analyse the relevant educationrequired for the journalist, it is sometimes difficult to determine theconditions under which those early experiments operated. Our view iscoloured by our present experiences so that, for instance, the comment ofthe Haldane Report on the University of London as it appeared during theperiod of the review, 1909 to 1913, looks slightly odd: ’the great majority ofstudents who take the bachelors degree of London University do notreceive a university education at all. ’99 Set in context, it assumes asemblance of actuality when we understand that the main purpose bf thecommission was to examine the attempts to change the university from anexamining, into a teaching, body. The University of London at that timehardly taught any of its own students, most of whom studied for the Londonexternal degree. The University was in the invidious position of having togive some form of recognition to those who taught students in these otherinstitutions, yet unable to effectively exist as a teaching institute in its ownright. Constituent colleges of the University obviously undertook their ownteaching and their students took the London degree.That comment, from in the Haldane report, carried an implicit criticism ofthe University’s purely examining function, with no control over teaching inother institutions, which was described as:’note-taking for examinations (instead of) learning the methods ofindependent work carried on in an enquiring spirit... (with) time forindependent reading.., and reflective thought...’l°°While recommending the introduction of a properly-constituted teachinguniversity, complete with professors, departments and staff representationon the governing body, the Haldane report also recommended theextension of the university education: ’to all those professions and callingsof which it may be said that practice and progress are closely connectedand constantly reacting on each other. ’1°1 With this as a backdrop to thediscussions about the possibility of university education for journalismwhich were held with the Institute of Journalists, between 1908 and 1912,the introduction of the Diploma for Journalism here, rather than elsewhere,is explained. The whole exercise must have seemed tailor-made toproduce graduates with a sympathetic understanding of the ideas thatguided the work of other men, as well as increasing the awareness of howother branches of knowledge bore on individual specialisms; this was seenas the proper work that could be fostered within the university ethos. Theprojection of these ideas, onto the recommendation that prospectivejournalists need only taste of the several branches of knowledge offered bythe university and were, as a result, regarded as educated for journalism,ignored totally the demands of all the schemes expounded in the precedingyears. (Appendices I-VIII)59MOD100051230
For Distribution to CPsThe Emergence and Development of Education for Journalism in Britain: John ChurtonCollins and the Birmingham University Scheme for Educating JournalistsTable IYear1887-971887-88188918931902-519051908Summary of Dates Relating to Journalism EducationEventDavid Anderson’s London School of Journalism at 200 The Strand.National Association of Journalists first steps towards entry examinations.Birmingham District, Institute of Journalists, propose Elementary Examination Scheme.I.O.J Revised Examinations Scheme. De Blowitz’s SchemeG W Steevens Memorial Journalism Scholarships at City of London School with £3,000donated by Lord Northcliffe,Dr. Thomas Macnamara, M.P. prepared a scheme of Examination (no details extant.)Professor John Churton Collins Birmingham University postgraduate one-year course injournalism proposed and approved, but never implemented.1907-8 Leeds District, Institute of Journalists, lectures for practicing journalists.1908 I.O.J conference on the theme ’Education for Journalists, with visiting Americanprofessors of journalism.1910 Academic syllabus and proposed ’technical timetable’ for journalism agreed betweenI,O.J, and London University,1919 Diploma for Journalism inaugurated at London University with American journalismprofessors in attendance.1932 National Union of Journalists requests London University to extend the journalismdiploma so that it can be awarded to External students,1935 Mr Tom Clarke appointed first full-time Director of Practical Journalism at King’sCollege, London University.1939 Course closes with the outbreak of the Second World War,1944 Journalists’ Advisory Committee to the Appointments Department of the Ministry ofLabour and National Service recommends re-starting London University course- andother courses at universities outside London- but this is not included in the SecondReport of the Interdepartmental Committee on Further Education and Training, chairedby Lord Sankey.1952 National Council for the Training and Education of Junior Journalists established.1965.1966-8197019772006First pre-entryjoumalism course recognized by the National Council for the Training ofJournalists at Hariow College.Tom Hopkinson a Senior Research Fellow at Sussex University, sponsored bynewspaper groups, Proposal for a one-year post-graduate course in Journalism Studieswere not implemented at Sussex.Tom Hopldnson opens post-graduate course in journalism studies at University College,Cardiff.London College of Printing inaugurates first broadcast journalism training course inradio which leads to a UK wide network of postgraduate courses with eventualaccreditation by the Broadcast Journalism Training Council,BBC consolidates and expands its journalism training into a College of Journalismfollowing the Neff Report into the lessons to be learned from Lord Hutton’s enquiry intothe death of Dr, David Kelly,60MOD100051231
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Exhibit JC42 - The Leveson Inquiry

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