Exhibit JC42 - The Leveson Inquiry

For Distribution to CPsHacks and Dons - Teaching at the London University Journalism School 1919-1939: Its origin,development and influence.stated: ’... a university in a great centre of population must be prepared toprovide advanced instruction of a specialized kind of all classes of th~community who are willing to receive it. ’~ While wavering over the questionof whether the professional outlook of some modern universities wasconsistent ’with the wide intellectual training university education hadalways been understood to imply’, 6 the report went on to state that anybranch of knowledge that was developed and systematized could andshould be taught, and studied, in such a way as to form part of a Universityeducation. However, when the University came to start the course in 1919the only element in the syllabus was the academic; the technical instructionpart was omitted. (see Appendi:~ XI).The University Journalism Committee had no money to pay its secretary,T. Lloyd Humberstone, in its early stages but the estimates for 1919-1920show him receiving an honorarium of £8 ls. (£8.05), allocated from ’warmeasures’ funds. Thirty civilian students paid the full fee of £21 in advanceof the opening session in October 1919, while fifty-four of the seventy-twoex-servicemen had their first term fees paid by the Board of Education. Fortheir part University staff had to compile quarterly returns of students’progress, attendance, and conduct together with a discriminating personalrecord of each students’ educational career. There was another form to becompleted annually to enable students to realize that continuance of theawards was conditional on satisfactory progress. With ex-Servicemen andcivilian students there was an estimated £2,142 income for the University ofLondon, for 1919 to 1920.In 1919 journalism was included in the list of careers for ex-servicemenwho could seek central government funding for fees and subsistence.According to the Board of Education this scheme of financing the educationof ex-servicemen with state funds was ’wholly novel and there was nomachinery in existence for working it. An organisation had to be created. ’7The thoughts behind this innovation are expressed in a booklet’Reconstruction Problems, 27; Officers’ Guide to Civil Careers’ of 1919: ’Inalmost every industry we are today, as it were, ’starting afresh’. Never werethere better opportunities for research, for ideas, for technicaldevelopments, for enterprise. The war has opened the eyes of the countryto the fact that in many industries we allowed foreign competitors to outstripus by our too persistent adherence to conservative methods.., there aregrounds for hope that we are starting on a new era.., training indeed, is thepassport to success.., the day has passed when we can be content to fallback complacently of the phrase about "England muddling through". Thewar has made us realize that "muddling" is an expensive progress,especially when it comes into competition with scientific preparation. ’8The booklet went on to outline various careers, journalism included, andthe Institute of Journalists assembled a group to debate the issue of’Journalism and the Universities’ at a special conference in December,1918.The former Oxford don, editor of the Fortnightly Review and staff writeron the Daily Telegraph, W.L. Courtney, and a member of the Institute ofJournalists Committee on University Courses for Journalists, took the chairof the University’s Journalism Committee in the absence of the chairman,69MOD100051240