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State of the Basin Report - 2003Flood forecasting in the Lower Mekong BasinEvery year starting in mid-June, the Mekong River Commission broadcasts daily informationon flood risks at key points along the Mekong mainstream in Cambodia, Lao PDR, Thailand,and Viet Nam. This information is made available on the MRC website, www.mrcmekong.org,until the end of the flood season in late October or November.This important part of MRC’swebsite aims to provide themost up-to-date informationavailable about current andforecasted hydrologicalconditions in the MekongBasin, and presents this in aneasily-understandablemanner. Clicking on the pointfor each monitoring station ona digital map providesinformation on daily waterlevels as well as a 5-dayforecast of water levels. Thesedata are shown both on aschematic cross-section foreach station and on a graph.Each station’s point on themap of the lower basin and ona list of stations is colourcodedto show three levels ofwarning – “no warning”, “alarm level” and “flood level”. For each station, the website alsomakes available a series of maps in different scales which depict areas of flood risk, land useand topography. The MRC website also provides maps for the basin as a whole.MRC oversees the operations of 41 monitoring stations, including two in China. These are alllocated along the Mekong mainstream from Jinghong in China to the Mekong Delta at TanChau, in Viet Nam. Every day throughout the flood season, each monitoring station transmitsinformation on water levels and the previous day’s rainfall to the MRC Secretariat in PhnomPenh. Upon receipt, these data are entered into a mathematical model and then compared withdata from weather maps and rainfall forecasts received from the US National Oceanic andAtmospheric Administration (NOAA). Based upon this comparison, a 5-day forecast of waterlevels is made and the results broadcast every day on MRC’s website at 12:00 pm.Between flood seasons – from November to May/mid June – MRC continues to broadcast dataon water levels and 7-day forecasts. This information is updated once a week on a Monday,rather than daily, as is the case during the flood season.MRC is continuously improving its forecasting capability and working closely with partners toensure that forecasts meet communities’ needs and that warnings are effectively and accuratelydisseminated. MRC also encourages agencies and individuals working on disaster preparednessto send enquiries and suggestions directly to MRC, where improvements in flood forecastingare continually being made.280
13 - Flood in the Lower Mekong basinEndnotes1MRC, 20012MRC, 20013MRC, 20014MRC, 20015MRC, 20016CNN, 20027IPCC, n.d.8MRC. 20019MRC, 200110MRC, 200111Ministry of Water Resources and Meteorology (Cambodia), 200212MRC, 200213Data on Cambodia are summarized in Chan Sophal, 2001 and CDRI, 200214Data on Lao PDR are summarized in WFP, 2000 and MRC, 200115Data on Thailand are summarized in MRC, 2001 and MRC 200216ARDC, 1999ReferencesADRC, 1999. Viet Nam Country Report 1999.http://www.adrc.or.jp/countryreport/VNM/VNMeng99/Vietnam99.htmCDRI, 2002. The Impact of Flooding and Drought in Cambodia. Cambodia Development Review,Vol. 6, Issue 4, October-December 2002.CNN, 2002. Floods kill 49 in Vietnam (Monday, 23 September 2002).http://asia.cnn.com/2002/WORLD/asiapcf/southeast/09/23/vietnam.floods.reut/index.htmlIPCC, n.d. IPCC Special Report on the Regional Impacts of Climate Change, An Assessment ofVulnerability. www.grida.no/climate/ipcc/regional/index.htmMRC, 2002. First Annual Mekong Flood Forum: Proceedings. Mekong River Commission, PhnomPenh.MRC, 2001. MRC Strategy on Flood Management and Mitigation. Mekong River Commission,Phnom Penh.Ministry of Water Resources and Meteorology (Cambodia), 2002. Managing the Effects ofSedimentation and Channel Migration, Mekong River at Kampong Cham ProvinceChan, S. 2001. The Impact of Cambodia’s Recent Floods. Cambodia Development Review, Vol. 5,Issue 1. January-March 2001, pp. 1-4.281
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Mekong River CommissionState of the
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