SBR- Content.pmd - INBO

State of the Basin Report - 2003Table 13. Access to improved water supply and sanitation, 2000Improved Water Supply SanitationTotal Urban Rural Total Urban RuralCambodia 30 54 26 17 56 10Lao PDR 37 61 29 30 67 19Thailand 84 95 81 96 96 96Viet Nam 77 95 72 47 82 38Source: UNICEF 2002bElectricity is available in most parts of Thailand and more than 90 percent of households haveservice. Per capita consumption in Thailand is very high (1,360 kWh). In Viet Nam, more than 75percent of the population has electricity, although the rate in rural areas is significantly lower. In theMekong Delta and Central Highlands, the proportion of households without electricity is 45-50percent. 87 Viet Nam’s per capita consumption (203 kWh) is less than half the average for lowincomecountries (448 kWh). 88In Cambodia and Lao PDR, the proportion of households with access to public electricity service is,respectively, 15 and 38 percent. In Lao PDR, this varies from 91 percent in urban areas, to 19percent in rural areas. Where households do have electricity, they use, on average, only 10-30percent of per capita electricity consumption in Viet Nam. Some households without public electricityservice use generators to produce electricity for lighting, and batteries to operate radios and TVs. Inmany provincial and district towns, diesel-generated public electricity service may be limited to afew hours a day.Figure 6. Access to electricity, % households, 1997-2000 (most recent year)Sources: EEPSEA 2002; Ministry of Planning 1998b; NIS 1998; NSC 2001; NSC/UNDP 2002;NSO 2002a; UNDP-Viet Nam 200258