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588 A Source Book for Ancient Church History[537]and condemned in the Council of Ephesus by Pope Celestine andby the holy Cyril, prelate of the city of Alexandria. Likewise weanathematize Eutyches and Dioscurus of Alexandria, condemnedin the holy synod of Chalcedon which we follow and embrace;adding to these Timotheus the parricide, known as Ælurus, andalso his disciple and follower Peter [Mongus], also Acacius, whoremained in the society of their communion; because he mixedhimself with their communion he deserves the same sentenceof condemnation as they; no less condemning Peter [Fullo] ofAntioch with his followers and the followers of all those abovenamed. We receive and approve, therefore, all the universalEpistles of Pope Leo which he wrote concerning the Christianreligion. And therefore, as we have said, following in all thingsthe Apostolic See and approving all of its constitutions, I trustthat I may be deemed worthy to be in the communion with you,in which as the Apostolic See declares there is, complete andtrue, the totality of the Christian religion.[538]
Period III. The Dissolution Of The ImperialState Church And The Transition To TheMiddle Ages: From The Beginning Of TheSixth Century To The Latter Part Of TheEighthThe third period of the ancient Church under the Christian Empirebegins with the accession of Justin I (518-527), and theend of the first schism between Rome and Constantinople (519).The termination of the period is not so clearly marked. Bythe middle and latter part of the eighth century, however, theimperial Church has ceased to exist in its original conception.The Church in the East has become, in great part, a group ofnational schismatic churches under Moslem rulers, and only thelargest fragment of the Church of the East is the State Churchof the greatly reduced Eastern empire. In the West, the imperialinfluence has ceased, and the Roman see has allied its fortuneswith the rising Frankish power, and the rise of a Western empireis already foreshadowed.In this period, the imperial ecclesiastical system, which hadbegun with Constantine, found its completion in the Cæsaropapismwhich was definitively established by Justinian as theconstitution of the Eastern Church. But at the same time theMonophysite churches seceded and became permanent nationalchurches. The long Christological controversy found, at leastas regards Monophysitism, its settlement on a basis derivedfrom the revived Aristotelian philosophy; and the mystical pietyof the East, with its apparatus of hierarchy and sacraments, [539]found its characteristic expression in the works of Dionysius theAreopagite.While in the East the Church was assuming its permanent form,in the West the condition of the Church was being profoundly
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The Project Gutenberg EBook of A So
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ContentsErrata. . . . . . . . . . .
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Chapter I. The Church At The Beginn
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Errata.[Transcriber's Note: These c
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Preface. 5the ancient Church in the
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Preface. 7[xix]
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General Bibliographical Note 9Advan
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The First Division Of AncientChrist
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Period I. The Apostolic Age: To Cir
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§ 1. The Neronian Persecution 15ma
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§ 2. The Death of Peter and Paul 1
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§ 4. The Persecution under Domitia
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§ 4. The Persecution under Domitia
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§ 5. Christianity and Judaism 23§
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§ 5. Christianity and Judaism 25hi
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§ 6. The Extension of Christianity
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§ 7. Relation of the Roman State t
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§ 7. Relation of the Roman State t
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33I write to all the churches and i
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§ 10. Chiliastic Expectations 35ad
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§ 10. Chiliastic Expectations 37th
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§ 11. The Church and the World 39F
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§ 12. Theological Ideas 41(a) Igna
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§ 13. Worship in the Post-Apostoli
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§ 13. Worship in the Post-Apostoli
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§ 14. Church Organization 47day af
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§ 14. Church Organization 49lest a
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§ 14. Church Organization 51Church
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§ 14. Church Organization 53sacrif
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§ 15. Church Discipline 55in some
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§ 16. Moral Ideas in the Post-Apos
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63laid the foundations of the conci
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§ 17. The Extension of Christianit
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67are in Edessa kill their wives wh
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public, others again secret; and th
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71enemies; whilst, on the other han
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73the most excellent Peregrinus (fo
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75day, those foul shrines of an imp
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77into the conduct of all, the acts
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79neither of which cases is that of
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81Speratus said: In a matter so jus
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§ 20. The Literary Defence of Chri
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89published before He came and was
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§ 21. The Earlier Gnostics: Gnosti
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§ 21. The Earlier Gnostics: Gnosti
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95The successor of Simon Magus was
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97the founder of Manichæanism. The
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99will console them, so that they d
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101nations were hostile to his nati
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103were men of culture and literary
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105proceed from one are images. But
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107(d) Clement of Alexandria, Strom
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109The following passage appears, f
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111For some [i.e., the Church] say
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113in as far as he is found giving
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115us to rest from wicked actions;
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§ 23. Marcion 117corruption and da
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§ 23. Marcion 119destroying the pr
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§ 24. Encratites 121Philumene. But
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§ 25. Montanism 123attempt to revi
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Chapter III. The Defence Against He
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§ 27. The Apostolic Tradition and
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133find Corinth. Since you are not
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135The fourth of the gospels is Joh
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137exegesis in use throughout the C
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139the third century; see above, §
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§ 29. The Apostles' Creed 141and t
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§ 29. The Apostles' Creed 143was p
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§ 31. The Results of the Crisis 14
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Chapter IV. The Beginnings Of Catho
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(A) The Logos Doctrine 149of the di
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(B) The Doctrine of the Trinity 151
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(D) Argument from Hebrew Prophecy 1
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§ 33. The Asia Minor Conception of
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§ 33. The Asia Minor Conception of
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159Chapter I. The Political And Rel
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161was also a relative of another,
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1632. Spartianus, Vita Severi, XVII
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165the rank of the venatores. And t
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167indeed, immovable and in silence
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§ 35. Religious Syncretism in the
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171Lampridius is one of the Scripto
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173with a military escort. Having r
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175Lord without the sacrament as cu
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177Ep. 71 [=70]. Ad Quintum.Which t
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179Chapter II. The Internal Develop
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181A brief extract from the followi
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183admonishes Victor that he should
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185Ch. 23. As to kneeling, also, pr
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187How small is the gain if you do
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189Ch. 10. I ask the woman herself,
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§ 40. The Monarchian Controversies
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(A) Dynamistic Monarchianism 193Ch.
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(B) Modalistic Monarchianism 195the
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(B) Modalistic Monarchianism 197Ch.
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(B) Modalistic Monarchianism 199for
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(B) Modalistic Monarchianism 201in
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§ 42. The Penitential Discipline 2
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211an apologetic work addressed to
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213But it is not doubting, in refer
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215that we understand Him to be, no
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217The theory of pre-existence and
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219(h) Origen, Contra Celsum, VII,
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221wickedness may be changed by hab
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223the “flesh,” as it were, of
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§ 44. Neo-Platonism 225translated
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227God from His purpose; nor do sac
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§ 45. The Decian-Valerian Persecut
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235§ 46. Effects of the Persecutio
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237Concerning the martyrs, the Apos
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239The schism of Felicissimus was o
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241presbyters and deacons; and like
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§ 47. The Chiliastic Controversy 2
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245§ 48. Theology of the Second Ha
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247Complaint was made to Dionysius,
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249Father.” And this he acknowled
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251from below.’)… And there are
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253II. He who was born holy and rig
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255men, even Adam. And thus, renova
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§ 49. The Development of the Cultu
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§ 50. The Episcopate in the Church
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§ 51. The Unity of the Church and
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§ 52. Controversy over Baptism by
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§ 52. Controversy over Baptism by
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§ 53. The Beginnings of Monasticis
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§ 54. Manichæanism 277love which
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§ 54. Manichæanism 279original ho
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§ 54. Manichæanism 281disciples.
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Chapter V. The Last Great Persecuti
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§ 56. The Diocletian Persecution 2
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293in the Roman episcopate. The dur
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295sions and distress of all, hast
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297them to improve the opportunity
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The Second Division Of AncientChris
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301controversies, the ecclesiastica
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Period I: The Imperial State Church
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§ 58. The Empire under Constantine
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§ 58. The Empire under Constantine
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§ 59. Favor Shown the Church by Co
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§ 59. Favor Shown the Church by Co
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§ 60. The Repression of Heathenism
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§ 61. The Donatist Schism under Co
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317presented me a sealed packet wra
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319the things which ought to have b
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3218. Concerning the Africans, beca
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323brethren, what resolution the sy
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325that they should profess in writ
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327the lead, with an interpretation
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329the West at Arles in 314. Here t
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331is called the New. We believe in
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333the Logos and Wisdom. Afterward
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335(f) Eusebius of Cæsarea, Creed,
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337(b). Constantine, however, never
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339unworthy of the episcopate, but
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§ 65. The Victory of the Anti-Nice
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347in DCB; see also Catholic Encycl
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349and all believers.(b) Creed of N
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351Why do you condemn my faith in t
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353In the West Constans did not enf
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355through various places, when Axi
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§ 68. Julian the Apostate 357the s
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§ 68. Julian the Apostate 359whom
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§ 68. Julian the Apostate 361sider
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§ 68. Julian the Apostate 363(c) S
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§ 68. Julian the Apostate 365comma
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§ 68. Julian the Apostate 367I thi
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369without reference to the truth o
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371(b) Codex Theodosianus, XII, 1,
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373Valentinian, Theodosius, and Arc
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375your country, respect my years t
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377heathen emperor raised an altar
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379and the greater number as Venus,
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§ 70. The Dogmatic Parties and The
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§ 70. The Dogmatic Parties and The
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385and more accurate than the said
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387(a) Council of Constantinople, A
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389And in the life eternal.(c) Epip
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§ 72. The Constitution of the Stat
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(B) The Hierarchical Organization 3
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§ 73. Sole Authority of the State
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417in the Arian controversy. Damasu
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419suits on authorization by the co
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§ 75. Social Significance of the S
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Page 437 and 438:
Page 439 and 440:
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435even the leaders of society have
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437regarding such matters as the ve
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439The Council of Laodicæa is of u
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441deny that they were Christians s
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4433. They may not sleep lying down
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445despise the commandments of the
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447the West this opposition of the
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449bestowed much pains upon these w
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451example of the saintly master. N
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453Hefele contends that every woman
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455Canon 12. Moreover, it has also
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457wives, so that, adorned with a p
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459By thus following up the ideas o
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461tended inevitably to separate ec
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§ 79. The Empire of the Dynasty of
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§ 79. The Empire of the Dynasty of
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467(a) Socrates, Hist. Ec., II, 41.
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469undertook to instruct these barb
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471who had been standing in a safe
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473Augustine, Confessiones, VIII, 2
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§ 82. Augustine's Life and Place i
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§ 83. Augustine and the Donatist S
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§ 84. The Pelagian Controversy 499
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§ 85. Semi-Pelagian Controversy 51
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523efficient and generally grateful
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525position; the see of Rome can re
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527may not be overthrown, nor metro
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529laying the foundations of the pa
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531section as illustrating the prin
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533us by a descent of three steps.
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535Condemnation of Origen by Anasta
Page 543 and 544: 537whom I have already mentioned, w
Page 545 and 546: 539The people readily took this as
Page 547 and 548: 541many of them to the priesthood,
Page 549 and 550: 543is opposed to each other; for ea
Page 551 and 552: 545or an ox, or some other creature
Page 553 and 554: 547of Theodore, yet its historical
Page 555 and 556: 549flesh, how could He who was born
Page 557 and 558: 551appropriate to God the Word, oth
Page 559 and 560: 553arrived. Cyril and Memnon, who h
Page 561 and 562: 555rather confess Him as at the sam
Page 563 and 564: 557The letter is very long and give
Page 565 and 566: 559common judgment of all the most
Page 567 and 568: 561in an extreme form, of being her
Page 569 and 570: 563Virgin is consubstantial with us
Page 571 and 572: 565and perfect nature of true man w
Page 573 and 574: 567West.In this definition, it shou
Page 575 and 576: 569therefore this present, great, a
Page 577 and 578: 571but one and the same Son and Onl
Page 579 and 580: 573[i.e., the royal commissioners w
Page 581 and 582: 575this alone should have reception
Page 583 and 584: 577as enemies of God and to our saf
Page 585 and 586: 579deprived of the laver of regener
Page 587 and 588: 581as condemnatory as excommunicati
Page 589 and 590: 583shown to the prelate of that see
Page 591 and 592: 585bishop of Poitiers; 9. … of Am
Page 593: 587St. Georgius; 57. the writings w
Page 597 and 598: Chapter I. The Church In The Easter
Page 599 and 600: § 93. The Age of Justinian 593Mono
Page 601 and 602: § 93. The Age of Justinian 59510.
Page 603 and 604: § 93. The Age of Justinian 597and
Page 605 and 606: § 93. The Age of Justinian 599and
Page 607 and 608: § 93. The Age of Justinian 601acco
Page 609 and 610: § 93. The Age of Justinian 603judg
Page 611 and 612: § 94. The Byzantine State Church u
Page 619 and 620: 613themselves to sincere penitence
Page 621 and 622: 615Theology has given to all heaven
Page 623 and 624: 617the sacred mysteries all those w
Page 625 and 626: § 96. The Celtic Church in the Bri
Page 631 and 632: 625About this time he became a Cath
Page 633 and 634: 627from my help. Therefore, I belie
Page 635 and 636: 629Ch. 37. Thereupon King Chlodowec
Page 637 and 638: 631our action to remove the obstacl
Page 639 and 640: § 98. The State Church in the Germ
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§ 98. The State Church in the Germ
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Page 649 and 650:
Page 651 and 652:
Page 653 and 654:
647Ages and was the most important
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649relating to other matters, shoul
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651to teach himself, even when I im
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653Let secure possession of their o
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655the notary and John the abbot ar
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657eight years. At the request of P
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6599. At the same time the patricia
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§ 100. The Foundation of the Anglo
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673they glorified Him, neither addi
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675This is one of the most importan
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677Canon 7. In oratories on landed
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679(f) II Council of Toledo, A. D.
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681stubble, upon the foundation of
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683Not long before our time the cas
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68523. If a stranger retire from th
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6872. If a monk vomit from drunkenn
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689(d) Bede, Penitential, ch. XI. H
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691Historical Documents, 1892, and
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6935. Concerning obedience. The fir
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695of enduring abstinence should kn
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697burden of labor as to be driven
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699he shall take off his own garmen
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701monk is to remove, he must obtai
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703Brother (such a one): Is it your
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§ 105. Foundation of Mediæval Cul
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§ 106. The Rise and Extension of I
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721two complete and persisting natu
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723this and another and not one and
Page 731 and 732:
725concerning the incarnation of Go
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727operation, which by the heretics
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729his will—that is to say, Theod
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731For as His most holy and immacul
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733of fact and may be treated apart
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735entirely with doctrinal matters
Page 743 and 744:
737drew up a list of councils and o
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739Since we know that it is handed
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741traditional ecclesiastical obser
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743to grant what has been asked by
Page 751 and 752:
745election, we have sent you our f
Page 753 and 754:
747unbelief of the Arian heresy. Th
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749in Italy during the last years o
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751all chose leaders 317 for themse
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753more, a star, called Gold-bearin
Page 761 and 762:
755the conclusion and summing up of
Page 763 and 764:
757For the honor which is given her
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759which promise He made, not only
Page 767 and 768:
761in her, define with all certitud
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IndexThe Analytical Table of Conten
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Index 765Apollinaris the Elder, 334
Page 773 and 774:
Index 767Baptism, 39, 116, 167, 179
Page 775 and 776:
Index 769Celibacy, laws permitting,
Page 777 and 778:
Index 771Constantine I, Edict of Mi
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Index 773Decius, emp., persecution
Page 781 and 782:
Index 775Eucharist, 18, 21, 30 f.,
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Index 777Hadrian, emp., 153.Hatfiel
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Index 779Irenæus, on John, 26;on G
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Index 781Leo of Rome, on the Prisci
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Index 783Martin of Rome, 660.Martin
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Index 785Muratorian Fragment, 117-1
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Index 787Pachomius, Rule of, 402-40
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Index 789Philippopolis, council of
Page 797 and 798:
Index 791Redemption, Asia Minor con
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Index 793Sixtus of Rome, 211.Slaves
Page 801 and 802:
Index 795Theodore of Mopsuestia, hi
Page 803:
Index 797Victorinus, philosopher, 4
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