POLITICS 111frustration that characterize him and his routine: ‘Wish I had a train. Ifeel like smashing a train up. On me own. I feel really strong. I wish Ihad a train’ (Griffiths, 1979:49). After a complicated series of kung fuexercises, a couple of mannequins are brought on, a male and a female,dressed for a night at the theatre. We imagine them waiting for a taxi asPrice enthusiastically greets them, before it becomes apparent that thecouple have nothing to say to him: ‘Been to the match, have we? Wereyou at t’top end wi’lads? Good, wannit? D’you see Macari? Eh? Eh?(Silence.) P’raps I’m not here. Don’t you like me? You hardly knowme. Let’s go and have a pint, get to know each other’ (Griffiths, 1979:49). Through the disjointed and coarse dialogue, Price conveys theinarticulacy and anger he perceives in the working-class male,marginalized by middle-class society and reduced to expressing himselfthrough violence and sexual aggression; becoming, in fact, a stereotypeof the prejudices that define his class. His routine does include twostandard jokes, one sexual, one racial, but both are delivered maniacallyand to the dummies rather than the audience. In this context, they seemlike desperate and pathological symptoms of rage, rather thanpleasurable social exchanges. Towards the end of the routine, Priceoffers the lady a flower:Here. (He takes a flower out of his pocket, offers it to them.) Forthe lady. No, no, I have a pin. (Pause. He pins the flower—amarigold—with the greatest delicacy between the girl’s breasts.Steps back to look at his work.) No need for thanks. My pleasureentirely. Believe me. (Silence. Nothing. Then a dark red stain,gradually widening, begins to form behind the flower.) Aargh,aagh, aagh, aagh…(The spot shrinks slowly on the dummies,centring finally on the red stain. PRICE’s ‘aaghs’ become shortbarks of laughter. Innocence.) I wonder what happened. P’raps itpierced a vein.(Griffiths, 1979:51)This disturbing image, followed by a simple rendition of the socialistanthem the ‘Red Flag’, is an explicit expression of the militant subtextof Price’s act, where revolutionary politics are confusingly mixed withaggression and sexual threat. While Challoner can only describe it as‘repulsive’, Eddie Waters calls it ‘brilliant’, but the final discussionbetween Price and Waters reveals considerable tensions between thetwo men. Price is full of revolutionary anger, while Waters retains faithin political truth and social redemption. Yet something has been
112 POLITICSsatisfied by Price’s iconoclastic performance. Politics, commitment, andthe articulation of experience have all been drawn upon to produce agenuine and truthful event. No conventional description would call itcomedy, however. There is not one single laugh in the fictional club,and one doubts there are many in the theatre either. Is it possible, then,to have entertaining comedy on these terms?In 1979, amateur promoter Peter Rosengard set up the Comedy Storein a strip club in London’s Soho district. This club proved to beimportant in the development of modern British comedy as it served asa laboratory for the experiment presciently outlined in Griffiths’s play.In Oliver Double’s terms, it brought ‘a handful of comic revolutionariestogether, [and] gave them a stage on which they could learn to befunny’ (Double, 1997:165–166). Alternative comedy was overtlypolitical from the start, informed by a punk ethos that dominated Britishcounter-culture in the mid to late 1970s, it defined itself against theexpectations of mainstream performance, and encouraged people towrite their own material, set up their own gigs, and perform without theneed for agents or the approval of the concert secretaries of the CIU.Looking back across fifteen years of alternative comedy, Guardiancomedy critic William Cook described its ideals in terms reminiscent ofthe ethics of Eddie Waters, as a form that celebrated ‘similarity, ratherthan condemning difference. The best of it hits hard and it hurts, but it’sphilanthropic not misanthropic, a bridge and not a wall. Above allAlternative Comedy reveals, via laughter, something of the real life ofthe comedian’ (Cook, 1994:16). One of the first casualties of the newcomedy was the joke-form itself, which had become guilty byassociation. Alternative comedy deliberately parodied and derided theidea of ‘jokes’ as reactionary and dull, as in Peter Richardson and NigelPlaner’s anti-joke ‘what’s yellow and goes into the toilet? Piss’ (Sayle,1988). While many routines now seem hopelessly naive, the movementhad the momentum and the talent to bring an entire generation ofperformers to the attention of the public. Most important was the workit did raising awareness of the prejudice that lurked in much mainstreamcomedy, and in making audiences increasingly intolerant of it.However, alternative comedy is no longer the iconoclastic force it oncewas, and has managed to retain only the vaguest of liberal consciencessince it became big business and was incorporated into radio andtelevision. The market dominance of the watered down alternativecomedy has also had the peculiar effect of allowing comics like BernardManning to portray himself as the victim of censorship and martyr topolitical correctness. Manning’s publicity now presents him as the man
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COMEDYWhat is comedy? Andrew Stott
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iiiIrony by Claire ColebrookLiterat
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First published 2005by Routledge270
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The Grotesque 83Slapstick 87The Fem
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSIn keeping with the
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2 INTRODUCTIONcomic’ is an identi
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4 INTRODUCTIONassumption being that
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6 INTRODUCTION‘Whenever they wax
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8 INTRODUCTIONmeans of opening up t
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10 INTRODUCTIONJokes therefore emer
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12 INTRODUCTIONexperience itself as
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14 INTRODUCTIONrelegation in the hi
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16 INTRODUCTION
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18 COMEDY IN THE ACADEMYWhile there
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20 COMEDY IN THE ACADEMYin the cont
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22 COMEDY IN THE ACADEMYWith the ri
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24 COMEDY IN THE ACADEMYother’ (B
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26 COMEDY IN THE ACADEMYvictory pro
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28 COMEDY IN THE ACADEMYSPRINGTIME
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30 COMEDY IN THE ACADEMYreduction t
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32 COMEDY IN THE ACADEMYlocation fo
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34 COMEDY IN THE ACADEMYbut this ap
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36 COMEDY IN THE ACADEMYand also a
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38 COMEDY IN THE ACADEMY
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40 COMIC IDENTITYnows, changing voi
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42 COMIC IDENTITYwalks of life to a
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44 COMIC IDENTITYdisease. From this
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46 COMIC IDENTITYineffable folly of
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48 COMIC IDENTITYdancing, juggling,
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50 COMIC IDENTITYThe trickster has
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52 COMIC IDENTITYShakespeare, fairi
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54 COMIC IDENTITYCastiglione’s Th
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56 COMIC IDENTITYway of seeing the
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58 COMIC IDENTITY1990:248). Not onl
- Page 71 and 72: 60 GENDER AND SEXUALITYignoring tab
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- Page 77 and 78: 66 GENDER AND SEXUALITYplaying Rosa
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- Page 85 and 86: 74 GENDER AND SEXUALITYbeen redefin
- Page 87 and 88: 76 GENDER AND SEXUALITYconverse wit
- Page 89 and 90: 78 GENDER AND SEXUALITYsignificance
- Page 91 and 92: 80 THE BODYBEAUTY AND ABJECTIONIn W
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- Page 105 and 106: 94 THE BODYWomen have been systemat
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- Page 109 and 110: 98 POLITICSseems to assume—came t
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- Page 113 and 114: 102 POLITICSSecretary Tessa Jowell
- Page 115 and 116: 104 POLITICSIt is the stated positi
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- Page 125 and 126: 114 POLITICSself-centredness of the
- Page 127 and 128: 116 POLITICSwho, in their 1944 essa
- Page 129 and 130: 118 POLITICS(Ezrahi, 2001:307). Rut
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- Page 133 and 134: 122 LAUGHTERevidence for his sense
- Page 135 and 136: 124 LAUGHTERdevils to expel, there
- Page 137 and 138: 126 LAUGHTERand the meane that make
- Page 139 and 140: 128 LAUGHTERHere we find the Christ
- Page 141 and 142: 130 LAUGHTERof mutual relation from
- Page 143 and 144: 132 LAUGHTER‘laughter naturally r
- Page 145 and 146: 134 LAUGHTERceiling, it started lit
- Page 147 and 148: 136 LAUGHTERdeferred. For Nancy, th
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- Page 151 and 152: 140 CONCLUSIONhuman imperfection. W
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- Page 155 and 156: 144 GLOSSARYcenturies. Commedia del
- Page 157 and 158: 146 GLOSSARYto problematize the ide
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- Page 161 and 162: 150 FURTHER READINGAn extremely acc
- Page 163 and 164: 152 BIBLIOGRAPHYErickson and Coppel
- Page 165 and 166: 154 BIBLIOGRAPHYDouglas, Mary (1975
- Page 167 and 168: 156 BIBLIOGRAPHYContexts and Critic
- Page 169 and 170: 158 BIBLIOGRAPHY——(1987), ‘Wi
- Page 171 and 172: 160 BIBLIOGRAPHYSynott, Anthony (19
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162 INDEXCavell, Stanley 87-3Chapli
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164 INDEXmarriage 70-77;in British