Women with Disabilities: Barriers and Facilitators to Accessing ...

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WOMEN WITH DISABILITIES: BARRIERS AND FACILITATORS TO ACCESSING SERVICES DURING PREGNANCY,CHILDBIRTH AND EARLY MOTHERHOODSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College DublinSome data are available, however, from the National Psychological Well-beingand Distress Survey (NPWDS), carried out by the Mental Health Research Unit(MHRU) of the Health Research Board (HRB) in 2006 (Tedstone Doherty et al,2007). Out of 2,711 respondents, 18.5% (n=490) of females had dependentchildren younger than 18 years old living in their household, and of those, themajority (86.1%, n= 420,) rated their mental health in the last 12 months asgood or very good, 10.7% as fair (n=52), and 3.1% (n=15) as poor or very poor.Seventy-eight (15.9%) of the 490 females living with children younger than 18years old reported that they had experienced a mental, nervous or emotionalproblem in the last 12 months, and 11% (n=54) had spoken with their GeneralPractitioner (GP) at least once in the past 12 months about being anxious ordepressed. Slightly over 6% of females living with children under 18 (n=30,6.3%) reported use of mental health services or professionals (such as inpatientunits, day centre psychiatrists or nurses) at least once within the past 12months (Tedstone Doherty et al, 2007), which gives an approximate picture ofthe services that might be required.About 19,000 women of childbearing age, around 2% of the age group, reportemotional, psychological or mental health difficulties. Across all age groups,depression is the most common mental health condition, followed by anxiety(National Disability Survey, vol 1 Table 20.6). Almost 90% of women withmental health difficulties in this age group report that they have a lot of difficultyor cannot do everyday activities.2.3.4.6. Intellectual or learning disabilitySince 1995, the National Intellectual Disability Database has compiled figureson the numbers of people with intellectual disabilities based on those who are inreceipt of services or on the waiting list for intellectual disability services. Thedatabase is updated annually, and currently covers more than 25,000 people.People with mild intellectual disabilities, who are neither in receipt of intellectual17
WOMEN WITH DISABILITIES: BARRIERS AND FACILITATORS TO ACCESSING SERVICES DURING PREGNANCY,CHILDBIRTH AND EARLY MOTHERHOODSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublindisability services nor are deemed to require such services in the next 5 years,are not included in the database.The published data distinguishes those aged 15 to 34, and those aged 35-54.The incidence of intellectual disability for women is calculated at 8 per 1,000 forwomen aged 15 to 19, 5.4 per 1,000 for women aged 20-34 and 6.1 per 1,000for women aged 35 to 54. In 2007 there were around 4,000 women aged 15-34with an intellectual disability recorded on the database. Of these, 40% werecategorised as having a mild disability and 40% as having a moderate disability(NIDD 2007, Table 2.2)The data from the National Disability Survey shows around 8,200 women aged18-44 diagnosed with an intellectual disability (Table 6B), and around 10,100women in this age group in the broader category of "intellectual or learningdisability" which would include also such specific learning disabilities as dyslexiaand Attention Deficit Disorder.2.3.4.7. ConclusionThis section has documented available information from official sources on thenumber of women with disabilities of childbearing age, and the incidence ofsuch disability in this population. Where the information is based on small subsamples,it indicates a broad order of magnitude only. While the number ofwomen with disabilities who require pregnancy and maternity services is likelyto fluctuate from year to year, this information may be of value to serviceplanners in giving a broad indication of how many women with disabilities maypresent for maternity services in any year.2.4. Limits of published researchThe comprehensive review of national and international literature revealed howresearch examining the health services experience of women with disabilities(physical, sensory, intellectual and mental) during pregnancy, childbirth and18
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