Handbook of Forensic Services (pdf) - FBI

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ß ß ß Handbook of Forens c Serv ces 2007 Obta n hand-pr nt ng exemplars n upper- and lowercase letters. Obtain a sufficient quantity of exemplars to account for natural var at on n the wr t ng. Obta n und ctated wr t ng such as bus ness records, personal correspondence, and cancelled checks or other documents prepared dur ng the normal course of bus ness act v ty. Common Types of Nongenuine Signatures ß Traced s gnatures are prepared by d rectly us ng a genu ne s gnature as a template or pattern. ß ß S mulated s gnatures are prepared by copy ng or draw ng a genu ne s gnature. Freehand s gnatures are wr tten n the forger’s normal handwr t ng w th no attempt to copy another’s wr t ng style. Therefore t may be poss ble to dent fy the wr ter(s) who prepared the s gnature(s). Altered or Obliterated Writing Documents can be exam ned for the presence of altered or obl terated wr t ng, and the or g nal wr t ng may be dec phered. 110
Handbook of Forens c Serv ces 2007 Typewriting Questioned typewriting may be identified with the typewr ter that produced t. Th s s most common when the typewr ter s a typebar mach ne. The identification is based on individual characteristics that develop dur ng the manufactur ng process and through use and abuse of the typewr ter. Typewr ters w th nterchangeable elements (e.g., ball, pr ntwheel, or th mble) are less l kely to be assoc ated w th quest oned typewr t ng. However, these typing elements may be positively identified with specific texts by examining individual character st cs of the elements. Compar son of quest oned typewr t ng w th reference standards can determ ne a poss ble make and model of the typewr ter and/or the typewr ter elements. Carbon-film typewriter ribbons and correction r bbons reta n readable text. These r bbons can be compared w th quest oned typewr tten mpress ons. Generally, fabr c r bbons cannot be read or identified. Procedures for Obtaining Known Typewriting Exemplars ß If the typewriter has a carbon-film ribbon or correct on r bbon, remove t from the 111
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Handbook of Forensic Services (pdf) - FBI

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