Handbook of Forensic Services (pdf) - FBI

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Handbook of Forens c Serv ces 2007 can assoc ate v ct ms and suspects w th each other, w th ev dence tems, or w th a cr me scene. There are two types of DNA used n forens c analyses. Nuclear DNA (nDNA) s the more d scr m nat ng of the two types and s typ cally analyzed n ev dence conta n ng blood, semen, sal va, body t ssue, and ha rs that have t ssue at the r root ends. The power of nDNA test ng done by the DNA Analys s Un t I (DNAUI) l es n ts ab l ty to potent ally dent fy an nd v dual as be ng the source of the DNA obta ned from an ev dence item to a reasonable degree of scientific certainty, as well as the definitive power of exclusion. Add t onally, where appropr ate, the DNA-typ ng results from ev dence tems ( nclud ng tems related to m ss ng persons) exam ned n the DNAUI may be uploaded nto the Comb ned DNA Index System (CODIS) database. M tochondr al DNA (mtDNA) s typ cally analyzed n ev dence conta n ng naturally shed ha rs, ha r fragments, bones, and teeth. Typ cally, these tems conta n low concentrat ons of degraded DNA, mak ng them unsu table for nDNA exam nat ons. The h gh sens t v ty of mtDNA analys s allows sc ent sts to obta n nformat on from old tems of ev dence assoc ated w th cold cases, samples from mass d sasters, and small p eces of ev dence conta n ng l ttle b olog cal 34
Handbook of Forens c Serv ces 2007 mater al. Add t onally, the maternal nher tance of mtDNA allows sc ent sts to compare a mtDNA profile to reference samples from that person’s mother, brother(s), s ster(s), or any other maternally related nd v duals. All of these individuals have the same mtDNA profiles because all maternal relat ves nher t the r mtDNA from the r mother. Because mult ple nd v duals can have the same mtDNA type, unique identificat ons are not poss ble us ng mtDNA analys s. However, mtDNA performed by the DNA Analys s Un t II s an excellent techn que to use for obta n ng nformat on when nDNA analys s s not feas ble. Add t onally, the mtDNA-typ ng results related to m ss ng-person cases may be uploaded nto the CODIS database. Questions concerning nuclear DNA testing should be directed to 703-632-8446. Questions concerning mitochondrial DNA testing should be directed to 703-632-7572. Follow the ev dence subm ss on d rect ons, nclud ng Requesting Evidence Examinations and Packaging and Shipping Evidence. Case Acceptance Policy of the DNA Analysis Unit I ß The DNAUI accepts FBI cases for serolog cal and nDNA analys s. FBI cases are pr or t zed 35
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