Handbook of Forensic Services (pdf) - FBI

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Handbook of Forens c Serv ces 2007 (e.g., bath o ls, lot ons), and some pol shes conta n lubr cants. Lubr cant exam nat ons may also be conducted n sexual assault, veh cular hom c de, or heavy-equ pment sabotage cases. Questions concerning lubricant evidence should be directed to 703-632-8441. Follow the ev dence subm ss on d rect ons, nclud ng Requesting Evidence Examinations and Packaging and Shipping Evidence. ß ß ß Subm t ent re tems (e.g., cloth ng) when poss ble. A r-dry the ev dence, and package separately n paper bags. Absorb suspected lubr cants onto a clean cotton cloth or swab. Leave a port on of the cloth or swab unsta ned as a control. A r-dry the swab and pack n a heat-sealed or resealable plast c bag. Subm t suspected sources of lubr cants for compar son exam nat ons. ß Package lubr cants separately n leakproof conta ners. Back to the top 90
Handbook of Forens c Serv ces 2007 Metallurgy Examinations Comparison Comparat ve exam nat ons can determ ne whether two metals or metall c objects came from the same source or from each other. Metal compar sons can dent fy var ous surface and m crostructural character st cs— nclud ng fractured areas, acc dental damage, and fabr cat on marks—to determ ne whether the objects share a common or g n. Moreover, the manufactur ng methods used to produce an object can be determ ned. These manufactur ng techn ques can nclude cast ng, forg ng, hot and cold roll ng, extrus on, draw ng, swag ng, m ll ng, gr nd ng, sp nn ng, blank ng, ron ng, deep draw ng, and others. Exam nat ons can determ ne mechan cal propert es, such as the response of a metal to an appl ed force or load. Exam nat ons also can determ ne chem cal compos t on, nclud ng alloy ng and trace elements. Broken or Mechanically Damaged Metal The causes of fa lure or damage—such as the appl cat on of stress exceed ng the tens le strength or y eld l m t of the metal; a mater al or manufactur ng defect; or corros on, crack ng, or excess ve serv ce usage (fat gue)—can be 91
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