Handbook of Forensic Services (pdf) - FBI

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Handbook of Forens c Serv ces 2007 appropr ate reference samples are unava lable for nDNA analys s. For example, a k dnapp ng v ct m s m ss ng, but a bloodsta n s found n the suspect’s veh cle and only a maternal relat ve’s (e.g., mother, s bl ng) reference sample s ava lable for the v ct m. In that case, mtDNA analys s could be conducted us ng a port on of the veh cle bloodsta n, the maternal relat ve’s reference sample, and the suspect’s known sample. Mitochondrial DNA Analysis of Hair Evidence M tochondr al DNA analys s should be performed on probat ve ha r samples only if they are deemed unsuitable for nDNA analysis. Only those ha rs hav ng greatest probat ve value should be subjected to mtDNA analys s. If several s m lar probat ve ha r spec mens are subm tted from one source of ev dence, mtDNA analys s should be performed on only 1–2 ha rs. For example, f 10 ha rs collected from a v ct m’s body are m croscop cally assoc ated w th the suspect, no more than 2 ha rs w ll be analyzed. Subm ss on gu del nes for mtDNA cases must nclude the follow ng po nts for ha r ev dence: 42
ß ß Handbook of Forens c Serv ces 2007 Known v ct m ha r samples (of all types) must be subm tted to determ ne whether ev dence ha rs are s m lar or d ss m lar to the v ct m’s ha r. If ev dence ncludes spec mens d ss m lar to the v ct m, known suspect ha r samples (of all types) should be obta ned. Mitochondrial DNA analysis generally will be performed on all probative microscopic hair associations. In add t on, the follow ng types of ha rs are cons dered for mtDNA analys s, f probat ve: ß ß Ha rs that exh b t “m croscop c s m lar t es and sl ght d fferences” (e.g., because of prolonged t me between the cr me and collect on of reference samples, environmental or artificial changes to ha r, or the su tab l ty of reference samples or quest oned ha r). Ha rs that are not su table for m croscop c compar son purposes (e.g., body-area ha rs, ha r fragments, or any other factor that el m nates the poss b l ty of perform ng a compar son). In such cases, however, the ha r must be probat ve (e.g., apparent fore gn ha r n the pub c-ha r comb ng of the v ct m). 43
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