Handbook of Forensic Services (pdf) - FBI

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Handbook of Forens c Serv ces 2007 Missing-person cases involving unidentified human rema ns and relat ves of m ss ng persons are managed and entered nto the NDIS n the DNAUII by members of the NMPDD Program. Ev dence from these nvest gat ons also undergoes mtDNA analys s n the DNAUII or n one of the reg onal mtDNA laborator es. Contact the NMPDD Program Manager at 703-632-7582 for quest ons regard ng m ss ng-person ev dence subm ss on. FBI ent t es may refer to the FBI Laboratory/DNAUII web page on the FBI ntranet for add t onal nformat on on the NMPDD Program. Suitability of Mitochondrial DNA Analysis M tochondr al DNA analys s has been appl ed successfully to ev dence from v olent cr mes, typ cally hom c de, sexual assault, and assault. It s mportant to remember, however, that mtDNA analys s s appropr ate n only a small port on of cases where mtDNA ev dence s present. Exper ence shows that about 75 percent of cases n wh ch mtDNA analys s s actually performed nvolve ha r ev dence where only the ha r shaft s present. Most often, mtDNA analysis is justified for ha r ev dence when no t ssue s present on the ha r root. M tochondr al DNA analys s n m ss ngperson cases s appropr ate only when bone or 40
Handbook of Forens c Serv ces 2007 teeth specimens can be verified as of human or g n. To avo d the m sappl cat on of mtDNA analys s resources, cases must be rev ewed carefully for the r scenar os, the poss b l ty of other tests on ava lable ev dence (e.g., nDNA), and the select on of spec mens hav ng the greatest probat ve value. Regardless of the type of b olog cal ev dence, mtDNA analys s generally will not be performed when nDNA results ex st on tems of s m lar or g n. For example, f nDNA results are obta ned from semen identified on a victim’s vaginal swabs and there s no allegat on of mult ple assa lants, mtDNA analys s would not be performed on an assoc ated pub c ha r found n the pub c-ha r comb ngs of the v ct m. Current forens c mtDNA techn ques cannot effect vely d st ngu sh between sources or relat ve quant t es of DNA. Consequently, mtDNA s not appropr ate for ev dence conta n ng poss ble m xed sources of DNA such as semen stains from sexual assaults. M tochondr al DNA analys s generally will not be performed on bloodstains unless the v ct m’s reference samples are not ava lable or other 41
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