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Handbook of Forensic Services (pdf) - FBI

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<strong>Handbook</strong> <strong>of</strong> Forens c Serv ces 2007<br />

Specification Fraud and Noncompliant<br />

Materials<br />

Metallurg cal test ng <strong>of</strong> mater als can determ ne<br />

whether nfer or components were subst tuted n<br />

contract ng frauds. The compos t on and<br />

mechan cal propert es <strong>of</strong> mater als can be<br />

exam ned to determ ne f the components meet<br />

contractual obl gat ons or appropr ate regulatory<br />

codes. Prec ous-metal content also can be<br />

determ ned.<br />

Lamp Bulbs<br />

Exam nat ons can determ ne whether a lamp bulb<br />

was ncandescent when ts glass envelope was<br />

broken. Determ nat ons also can be made as to<br />

whether a lamp bulb was ncandescent when t<br />

was subjected to an mpact force such as a<br />

veh cular coll s on. Such determ nat ons can be<br />

made even f the glass was broken by the mpact.<br />

Watches, Clocks, and Timers<br />

The cond t ons caus ng a watch, clock, t mer, or<br />

other mechan sm to stop or malfunct on and<br />

whether the t me d splayed represents a.m. or<br />

p.m. (calendar-type t m ng mechan sms only) can<br />

be determ ned. The on/<strong>of</strong>f cond t on <strong>of</strong> appl ance<br />

timers damaged by a fire or explosion <strong>of</strong>ten can<br />

be determ ned.<br />

93

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