Handbook of Forensic Services (pdf) - FBI

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Handbook of Forens c Serv ces 2007 Inhalation Inhalat on s the ntroduct on of a tox c product by the resp ratory system. A rborne contam nants may be n the form of a dust, aerosol, smoke, vapor, gas, or fume. Mater als may be n a sol d or l qu d form and st ll represent an nhalat on hazard because they produce vapors, m sts, and fumes. Proper work pract ces and adequate vent lat on can m n m ze the r sk of a rborne-contam nant nhalat on. When work ng n areas w th a rborne contam nants present, personnel must wear respiratory protection. Personnel must be certified to wear resp ratory protect on and, therefore, to work n areas conta n ng a rborne contam nants. Skin Contact Contam nat on through the sk n can result from d rect contact or by absorpt on. The sever ty of the njury can depend on the concentrat on of the contam nant and the amount of exposure t me. System c effects—such as d zz ness, tremors, nausea, blurred v s on, l ver and k dney damage, shock, or collapse—can occur when the substances are absorbed through the sk n and c rculated throughout the body. Exposure can be prevented by us ng personal protect ve equ pment (e.g., gloves, safety glasses, goggles, face sh elds, and protect ve cloth ng). 148
Handbook of Forens c Serv ces 2007 Ingestion Ingest on nvolves ntroduc ng contam nants nto the body through the mouth. Ingest on can cause severe damage to the mouth, throat, and d gest ve tract. To prevent entry of contam nants nto the mouth, safe work pract ces—such as wash ng hands before eat ng, smok ng, or apply ng cosmet cs—must always be used. Personnel should not br ng food, dr nks, or c garettes nto areas where contam nat on can occur, regardless of personal protect on they may be wear ng. Injection The d rect nject on of contam nants nto the body—e ther by needle st cks or mechan cal njur es from contam nated glass, metal, or other sharp objects—can cause severe compl cat ons. Contam nants enter d rectly nto the bloodstream and can spread rap dly. Extreme caut on should be exerc sed when handl ng objects w th sharp or jagged edges. Work gloves must be worn at all t mes. Safety Bloodborne Pathogen Safety On December 6, 1991, OSHA ssued T tle 29, Sect on 1910.1030, of the Code of Federal Regulat ons (CFR), Bloodborne Pathogens. 2 149
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