The Condition of Postmodernity 13 - autonomous learning

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142Political-economic capitalist transformationFrom Fordism to flexible accumulation143363228Share of US exports in OEeD tradeImports as share of US GNP242016Rate of accumulation- 251284 • •••••••••••••••••• •••••••• ••• •• ••••. . ', " ". . . . . . . . .. . . . . .%O+--,----,-----,-----_,----,-----._----_,----_,,_,1948 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1987Figure 2.3 US share in GECD trade and manufacturing imports as apercentage of GNP in the USA, 1948-1987(Sources: GECD, Historical Statistics of the United States and EconomicReports to the President).c0',p:::l 5E:::lU 4Uro-0Q)+'ro.. 1..Profit rate- 2015Q)+'10 +'4=o5 0.inability of Fordism and Keynesianism to contain the inherent contradictionsof capitalism became more and more apparent. On thesurface, these difficulties could best be captured by one word: rigidity.There were problems with the rigidity of long-term and large-scalefixed capital investments in mass-production systems that precludedmuch flexibility of design and presumed stable growth in invariantconsumer markets. There were problems of rigidities in labour markets,labour allocation, and in labour contracts (especially in theso-called 'monopoly' sector). And any attempt to overcome theserigidities ran into the seemingly immovable force of deeply entrenchedworking-class power - hence the strike waves and labour disruptionsof the period 1968-72. The rigidities of state commitments alsobecame more serious as entitlement programmes (social security,pension rights, etc.) grew under pressure to keep legitimacy at a timewhen rigidities in production restricted any expansion in the fiscalbasis for state expenditures. The only tool of flexible response lay inmonetary policy, in the capacity to print money at whatever rateappeared necessary to keep the economy stable. And so began theinflationary wave that was eventually to sink the postwar boom.Behind all these specific rigidities lay a rather unwieldy and seeminglyfixed configuration of political power and reciprocal relations thatbound big labour, big capital, and big government into what increasinglyappeared as a dysfunctional embrace of such narrowlydefined vested interests as to undermine rather than secure capitalaccumulation.14 l(a)454035302520 - 0.01 5 -(b)Pre-tax -manufacturi ngPre-tax -all companiesFigure ?4 Business accumulation and profit rates in the advanced capitalistcountnes, 1950-1982 (after Armstrong, Glyn and Harrison) and profit ratesas () pen ; entage ? f the replacement cost of capital stock and (b) percentage rnatzonal mcome m the USA, 1948-1984(Source: Pollin, 1986)
From Fordism to flexible accumulation 145.Dot)oō"' * '".:e l':ro :::Jc.... -.!;; >-o-0 -00 -... 0...u OJ'"OJo.ro01'" ..OJ OJ.. >.c ro... >-. :;:: o0.p Ero.-0OJ01ro...c:OJeOJc...oNoNoN8NocoooNoNo8oCOocoo
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The Conditionof PostmodernityAn Enq
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PrefaceI cannot remember exactly wh
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Introduction 5theatre, a series of
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8 The passage from modernity to pos
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12 The passage from modernity to po
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24The passage from modernity to pos
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Page 25 and 26: 40 The passage from modernity to po
Page 47 and 48: Postmodernism in the city 85Here we
Page 55 and 56: 100 The passage from modernity to p
Page 65 and 66: 7IntroductionIf there has been some
Page 67 and 68: 124 Political-economic capitalist t
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Page 105 and 106: 12IntroductionMarshall Berman (1982
Page 107 and 108: 204 The experience of space and tim
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Page 115 and 116: Table 3.1 A 'grid' of spatial pract
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Page 125 and 126: 15The time and space of theEnlighte
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244 The experience of space and tim
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Plate 3 5 Dynasty versus the map: t
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Time and space of the Enlightenment
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The rise of modernism as a cultural
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17Time-space compresson and thepost
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18Time and space In the postmodernC
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Part IVThe condition of postmoderni
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328 The condition of postmodernityw
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332 The condition of postmodernityC
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21Postmodernism as the mIrror ofmIr
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Table 4.1 Fordist modernity versus
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344 The condition of postmodernityN
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348 The condition of postmodernityc
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352 The condition 0/ postmodernityf
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27Cracks in the mIrrors, fusions at
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ReferencesAglietta, M. (1979): A th
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364 ReferencesJacobs, J. (1961): Th
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Index 369Adorno, T. 13Aglietta, M.
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372IndexSoja, E. 284Sorel, G. 34Spe
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376IndexIndex 377jouissance 57-8, 9
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