Untitled

eplicates at each of 3 stations over a period of 5years. The 720 observations of density for eachtaxon were analyzed by General Linear Modelswith density as the dependent variable. Differencesamong stations, years, seasons and theirinteractions are all significant. When treated ascovariates environmental variables contributedlittle to explaining the observed variability indensities. However, the observed densities of thetaxa are highly correlated and when a singletaxon is treated as a covariate most of the variabilityin the density of a related taxon is explained.There are no significant differencesamong replicates (taken within a square meter)or their interactions. Consequently, the biotic orabiotic factor(s), although unknown, responsiblefor the simultaneous density variation of the taxaoperate on a relatively small spatial scale. Basedon these observations and previous studies, wepropose a model wherein individual foraminifersare spatially distributed as a heterogeneous continuumforming patches with different densitiesthat are only meters apart; reproduction is asynchronouscausing pulsating patches that vary inspace and time. Thus, we would expect significantdifferences among stations, years, seasonsand their interaction. At the same time, no longtermincrease or decrease in density for any ofthe taxa is observed. Evidently, long-term stabilityis achieved through considerable short-termvariability in space and time. Although observationsat a single station are not indicative of alarger area at any particular time, the concept ofpulsating patches indicates that observations at astation will in the long-term give an assessmentof a larger area.2008040199Floresina, 一 个 捕 食 、 寄 生 还 是 食 腐 的 属 ?= Floresina: a genus of predators, parasites orscavengers?. ( 英 文 ). Nielsen K S S; Collen J D;Ferland M A. Journal of Foraminiferal Research,2002, 32(1): 93-95 1 图 版 .Hallock and Talge (1994) described a smallpredatory foraminifer Floresina amphiphagaattacking the larger foraminifer Amphisteginagibbosa. The attack by F. amphiphaga on A.gibbosa often resulted in the death of the latterand formed a characteristic trace on its test. Wereport a similar trace on the test of the planktonicforaminifer, Globorotalia menardii, from a samplefrom 175 m water depth, collected seawardof the barrier reef at Suva, Fiji, that may be theresult of Floresina attack. If this supposition iscorrect, it suggests that drilling is more widespreadin the genus that previously known; thatthe phenomenon may extend beyond allegedpredation or parasitism of living foraminifera toscavenging on dead foraminifera; and that foraminfer-foraminiferinteractions involving drillingmay be more widespread than previouslysuspected.2008040200土 麦 那 孟 买 国 家 野 生 动 植 物 保 护 地 沼 泽 有 孔虫 组 合 一 年 内 的 变 化 - 有 孔 虫 组 合 可 以 记 录环 境 变 化 吗 ? = Interannual variation of marshforaminiferal assemblages (Bombay hook nationalwildlife refuge,smyrna,de):do foraminiferalassemblages have memory?. ( 英 文 ). HippensteeS P; Martin R E; Nikitina D; Pizzuto J E.Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 2002, 32(2):97-109Seasonal reproduction and preservation of foraminiferawere monitored for three years atBombay Hook National Wildlife Refuge(Smyrna, DE). Cluster analysis of "seasonallyartificially time-averaged" (SATA) assemblagesindicates that assemblages reflect the most recenttest inputs, and that test inputs record subtlevariations in porewater chemistry related to ratesof sulfate reduction, pyrite oxidation, and verticaldifferentiation of geochemical gradients.Changes in geochemical gradients are caused byinterannual variation of rainfall: more rainfalldamps pyrite oxidation and weakens geochemicalgradients, whereas less rainfall allows morepyrite oxidation and strengthens vertical gradients.Geochemical overprinting of assemblagesrelated to rainfall tended to occur during thesummer and early fall. Therefore, as assemblagespass into the historical layer, they mayhave a "memory" of the most recent test inputsand environmental conditions.2008040201哥 伦 比 亚 Saanich 入 口 除 基 于 有 孔 虫 参 数 研究 的 冰 后 期 古 海 洋 演 变 = Post-glacial paleoceanographichistory of Sanich inlet, British Columbia,based on foraminiferal proxy data. ( 英文 ). Patterson R T; Kumar A. Journal of ForaminiferalResearch, 2002, 32(2): 110-125 2 图版 .Five benthic foraminiferal biofacies characterizethe late Pleistocene to Recent succession atODP Sites 1033B and 1034B (Leg 169S) inSaanich Inlet, southern Vancouver Island, BritishColumbia. These faunas document three distinctpaleoceanographic phases in the evolutionof this inlet. From the latest Pleistocene, ~14,000years BP, to the earliest Holocene, the distributionof benthic foraminifera (Cribroelphidiumexcavatum [Biofacies 5]), Islandiella norcrossi[Biofacies 4], and Nonionella stella [Biofacies 3])in Saanich Inlet was strongly controlled by theinfluence of cold, low-salinity waters associatedwith deglaciation. Early Holocene sediments arecharacterized by Stainforthia feylingi Biofacies 2.Despite a shallower sill depth at the entrance of63