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enriched benthos were identified. Deformed tests(mainly P. planatus) were observed in the samplesand it is not clear whether they formed as aresult of adverse conditions related to the fishfarm because such variants also occurred at unenrichedsites.2008040257识 别 现 生 有 孔 虫 的 死 亡 率 、 原 生 质 腐 烂 率 和染 色 技 术 稳 定 性 的 综 述 = Mortality, protoplasmdecay rate, and reliability of stainingtechniques to recognize ‘living’ foraminifera: areview. ( 英 文 ). Murray J W; Bowser S S. Journalof Foraminiferal Research, 2000, 30(1): 66-70Non-vital staining, especially with rose Bengal,has been widely used in ecological studies todifferentiate between the tests of dead (unstained)foraminifera from those presumed to be living atthe time of collection (stained). Doubts havebeen expressed about staining methods becauseof the possibility that dead individuals may retainundecayed protoplasm for weeks or monthsafter death; when stained, such individualswould be recorded as living. To assess the importanceof such false positives, it is necessary toexamine rates of mortality, and the modes ofgeneration of empty tests, i.e., whether due toreproduction, growth stages (leaving empty testsduring growth) or death. It can be argued thatreproduction, ontogeny, and death through predationlead to tests devoid of protoplasm.Whereas reproduction may affect only a smallproportion of the population of each species (dueto high pre-reproductive mortality), predation inoxygenated environments may be responsible forthe major part of that pre-reproductive mortality.In oxygenated environments, disease or adverseenvironmental conditions are most likely to leadto dead individuals having tests containing protoplasm.In dysaerobic/anoxic environments,predation by macrofauna may be excluded, soforaminifera die through other causes and thusmore tests with dead protoplasm may be potentiallyavailable for staining. Therefore, for mostother environments, the problem of staining deadindividuals is almost certainly overstated. Furthermore,from comparative studies, it seemsthat the most commonly used technique (stainingwith rose Bengal) is as reliable as others. Nowthat new vital staining techniques, especially theuse of fluorescent probes, are being introduced,it is timely for further objective comparativestudies of all techniques to be made in order toevaluate data already gathered and to developthe best strategies for future ecological studiesaccording to whether they are field-based or experimental.2008040258远 东 地 区 渐 新 世 晚 期 到 中 新 世 的Lepidocyclina (L.) isolepidinoides 、 L.(Nephrolepidina) nephrolepidinoides sp.nov.、L. (N.) brouweri 和 L. (N.) ferreroi 的演 化 = The evolution of Lepidocyclina (L.)isolepidinoides, L. (Nephrolepidina) nephrolepidinoidessp. nov., l. (n.) brouweri and L. (N.)ferreroi in the Late Oligocene- Miocene of theFar East. ( 英 文 ). Boudagher-fade M K; Lord AR. Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 2000,30(1): 71-76 2 图 版 .Material from Borneo and Sumatra show thatthere is a morphological evolution from Lepidocyclina(Lepidocyclina) isolepidinoides van derVlerk, 1929, to L. (Nephrolepidina) nephrolepidinoidessp. nov., L. (N.) brouweri Rutten,1924 and L. (N.) ferreroi Provale, 1909. Thelineage demonstrates one of the evolutionaryprogressions from Lepidocyclina (Lepidocyclina)to Lepidocyclina (Nephrolepidina) for the FarEast region.2008040259底 栖 有 孔 虫 和 介 形 类 对 不 同 污 染 源 的 反 应 —来 自 埃 及 两 个 泻 湖 的 研 究 = The response ofbenthic foraminifera and ostracods to variouspollution sources: a study from two lagoons inEgypt. ( 英 文 ). Samir A M. Journal of ForaminiferalResearch, 2000, 30(2): 83-98 3 图 版 .A study of foraminiferal assemblages was carriedout at two Egyptian Nile Delta lagoons.Analysis of surficial sediment samples fromManzalah Lagoon shows enrichment in heavymetals (Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr and Cd). The environmenthas become so lethal to foraminifera thatno species can currently survive. Among ostracods,only one species (Cyprideis torosa) wasfound living and able to invade the polluted lagoonregion. Samples from Edku Lagoon, whichreceives only agricultural drainage water, showheavy metal concentrations close to natural baselinelevels, and yield living foraminifera. Thefrequent occurrence of deformed specimens inManzalah Lagoon, comparable to Edku Lagoon,reveals that: (1) benthic foraminifera are moresensitive to industrial wastes containing heavymetals; (2) agricultural wastes do not significantlyharm benthic foraminifera; (3) Ammoniabeccarii forma parkinsoniana is less resistant topollution than forma tepida; (4) morphologicalabnormalities of the foraminiferal tests dependupon the nature of the pollutant; and (5) benthicforaminifera are less tolerant to pollution thanostracods and molluscs.2008040260从 微 观 到 区 域 尺 度 下 附 生 有 孔 虫 的 空 间 分 布特 征 = Spatial variability in epiphytic foraminiferafrom micro-to regional scale. ( 英 文 ).83