Reference Manual - IARC Screening Group

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DysplasiaEctocervix (alsoExocervix)Ectropy/EctropionElectrocautery(Electrocoagulation)ElectrodeEndocervixFriableGynoscopeHGSILLGSILLugol’s IodineLoop ElectrosurgicalExcision Procedure(LEEP)Papanicolaou (Pap)SmearAbnormal cells in the cervical epithelium; it is considered aprecursor to carcinoma. Sometimes called CIN depending onwhich qualification system is used.External portion of the cervix and os.A change in the appearance of the cervix caused by increasedpresence of glandular tissue (columnar cells) on the outer surfaceof the cervix. (Columnar epithelium is reddish in color, bleedseasily when touched and is friable.) This condition may result fromexposure to sex hormones such as the estrogen and progestins inoral contraceptives.The process of using an electrically heated metal probe reachingvery high temperatures (>100EC) to destroy abnormal tissue.The terminal of an electric circuit through which electrons passand, depending on the resistance, become very hot.Internal portion of the cervix lined by columnar cells.Tissue that bleeds easily when touched.One version of a low-power (2.5x) magnification device that maybe useful in looking at the cervix in conjunction with acetic acid. Itis used to facilitate cervical cancer detection and perhaps to guidebiopsy and treatment of preinvasive disease.High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (CIN II, III/CIS).Low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (CIN I).An iodine solution that is applied to cervical tissue to makeidentification of abnormal tissue easier. The iodine interacts withdiseased cells, causing epithelial lesions to turn pale yellow whilenormal tissue stains dark brown or black. It is also known as iodinepotassium iodide or IKI solution.Method of outpatient excisional biopsy and treatment that removesthe entire transformation zone using a thin wire electrode chargedwith a low-voltage, high-frequency alternating current (60 Hz);produces a tissue specimen suitable for histologic analysis in mostcircumstances.The standard approach to cervical cancer screening that relies oncytology. Cervical cells are scraped from the cervix, fixed on aslide and analyzed using a microscope to determine the presence orabsence of cancerous or precancerous changes in the cells.Glossary - 2Cervical Cancer Prevention Guidelines for Low-Resource Settings
PatulousSquamocolumnarJunction (SCJ)Squamous EpitheliumTransformation Zone(T-zone or TZ)Visual Inspection (VI)Visual Inspectionwith Acetic Acid(VIA)Visual Inspectionwith Acetic Acid andMagnification(VIAM)Spread apart or open. Usually refers to a portion of the cervix.Probably the result of obstetrical trauma with subsequent scarringand healing.The point at which endocervical columnar cells meet ectocervicalsquamous cells on the cervix. This junction is located in the centerof the transformation zone and is most vulnerable to abnormalchanges in cervical cells.Flattened cells that are irregular in shape and cover the externalportion of the cervix (ectocervix).Located on the surface of the cervix, the transformation zone(T-zone) is composed of glandular (columnar) epithelium until theonset of puberty, when the glandular epithelium is graduallyreplaced by squamous epithelium, similar to the lining of thevagina. Cervical cancer generally originates at the edges of theT-zone.Naked eye visualization of cervix used to detect abnormal(precancerous) cells.Naked-eye visualization of the acetic acid-washed cervix (usingdilute 3–5% acetic acid) to detect abnormal (precancerous) cells.Acetic acid-washed cervix examined with low-power (2–6)magnification to detect abnormal (precancerous) cells.Cervical Cancer Prevention Guidelines for Low-Resource Settings Glossary - 3
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Cervical Cancer PreventionGuideline
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TABLE OF CONTENTSPREFACE AND ACKNOW
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How to High-Level Disinfect Surgica
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Table C-2Figure C-1Preparing a Dilu
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PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThis ref
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ONEINTRODUCTIONMAGNITUDE OF THE PRO
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IntroductionFigure 1-3. Incidence o
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Introductionprevalence areas, a sta
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Table 1-2. Reduction in Cumulative
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Introductiontheir performance was t
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Introductionlesions, or a false pos
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IntroductionCompared to other metho
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Introductionsignificantly to women
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IntroductionBelinson JL et al. 2001
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IntroductionMitchell MF et al. 1998
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IntroductionYlitalo N et al. 1999.
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TWOHUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS AND CERVICA
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Human Papillomavirus and Cervical C
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THREEPATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF CERVICAL CA
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With the onset of puberty, whichis
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Pathophysiology of Cervical Cancerp
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Pathophysiology of Cervical CancerP
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Pathophysiology of Cervical CancerI
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Pathophysiology of Cervical CancerR
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FOURTALKING WITH WOMEN ABOUTCERVICA
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Talking with Women About Cervical C
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FIVEPREVENTING INFECTIONS INHEALTHC
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Preventing Infections in Healthcare
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SIXCLIENT ASSESSMENT AND VIA TESTIN
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Client Assessment and VIA TestingFi
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Client Assessment and VIA TestingIN
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Client Assessment and VIA Testingst
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Client Assessment and VIA Testingsp
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Client Assessment and VIA Testingth
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SEVENTREATMENT AND FOLLOWUPBACKGROU
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Treatment and Followupregardless of
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Treatment and FollowupFigure 7-1. L
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Treatment and FollowupTable 7-6. Co
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Treatment and FollowupFigure 7-2 is
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Treatment and Followup• Regulator
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Treatment and FollowupCRYOTHERAPY P
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Treatment and FollowupStep 6 Point
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Treatment and FollowupNote: When CO
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Treatment and FollowupStep 5Advise
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Treatment and FollowupBerget A, B A
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APPENDIX ATESTS FOR CERVICAL CANCER
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Tests for Cervical Cancer Screening
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APPENDIX BSCREENING TEST QUALITIES
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Screening Test Qualities and Their
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APPENDIX CINFECTION PREVENTION PROC
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Infection Prevention Processesfor m
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Infection Prevention Processeswith
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Infection Prevention ProcessesFigur
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Table C-4. Preparing and Using Chem
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Infection Prevention ProcessesStora
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Infection Prevention Processes• h
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APPENDIX DTECHNICAL OVERVIEW OF THE
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Technical Overview of the Cryothera
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Figure D-5. Removing Protector Tube
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Technical Overview of the Cryothera
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Figure D-11. Gas Cylinder Secured t
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APPENDIX ETROUBLESHOOTING WITH THEC
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Table E-1. Following-Up on Commonly
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APPENDIX FPROCESSING SURGICAL GLOVE
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Processing Surgical GlovesTable F-1
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Processing Surgical GlovesSTEP 10:
Page 159 and 160: APPENDIX GPERFORMING BREAST AND PEL
Page 161 and 162: Performing Breast and Pelvic Examin
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Page 207 and 208: AVAILABILITY OF BASIC SUPPLIES AND
Page 209: GLOSSARYAcetic AcidAcetowhite Chang
Page 213 and 214: ADDITIONAL READINGAlliance for Cerv
Page 216: innovating to save liveswww.jhpiego
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Reference Manual - IARC Screening Group

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