Reference Manual - IARC Screening Group

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Client Assessment and VIA Testingprecancerous lesions is greater, thus increasing the cost-effectiveness ofthe testing program and reducing the chance of unnecessary treatment.WHEN TO PERFORM VIAVIA can be performed at any time in the menstrual cycle, includingduring menses, during pregnancy and at a postpartum or postabortioncheckup. It can be performed in a woman suspected or known to have anSTI or HIV/AIDS.Figure 6-1 is a sample flow diagram that shows the possible options forwomen after VIA testing. Guidance is provided for each outcome,including when counseling is needed. For each outcome there are eithersimple instructions for the woman (e.g., return for VIA every 5 years) orspecific issues that should be discussed with her, such as when and wheretreatment can be provided, the potential risks and benefits associated withtreatment, and when referral for additional testing or more extensivetreatment is necessary.CLIENT ASSESSMENTCervical cancer testing usually is performed as part of a massreproductive health screening program or some other primary healthcareservice, such as a prenatal or postpartum visit, initiation or continuationof family planning, postabortion care, voluntary sterilization orassessment for STIs. Therefore, the brief history and limited examinationoutlined in this chapter should be presented in the context of thereproductive health service being provided.Take a brief reproductive health history. It should include the following:• Menstrual history• Bleeding pattern (e.g., postcoital or irregular bleeding)• Parity• Age at first intercourse• Use of contraceptive methodBe sure to include information on any of the cervical cancer risk factorspreviously mentioned. A sample record form is shown in Figure 6-2.6-2 Cervical Cancer Prevention Guidelines for Low-Resource Settings
Client Assessment and VIA TestingFigure 6-1. Sample Flow Diagram for Cervical Cancer PreventionCervical Cancer Prevention Guidelines for Low-Resource Settings 6-3
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Cervical Cancer PreventionGuideline
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TABLE OF CONTENTSPREFACE AND ACKNOW
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How to High-Level Disinfect Surgica
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Table C-2Figure C-1Preparing a Dilu
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PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThis ref
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ONEINTRODUCTIONMAGNITUDE OF THE PRO
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IntroductionFigure 1-3. Incidence o
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Introductionprevalence areas, a sta
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Table 1-2. Reduction in Cumulative
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Introductiontheir performance was t
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Introductionlesions, or a false pos
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IntroductionCompared to other metho
Page 29 and 30: Introductionsignificantly to women
Page 31 and 32: IntroductionBelinson JL et al. 2001
Page 33 and 34: IntroductionMitchell MF et al. 1998
Page 35 and 36: IntroductionYlitalo N et al. 1999.
Page 37 and 38: TWOHUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS AND CERVICA
Page 39 and 40: Human Papillomavirus and Cervical C
Page 47 and 48: THREEPATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF CERVICAL CA
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Page 51 and 52: Pathophysiology of Cervical Cancerp
Page 53 and 54: Pathophysiology of Cervical CancerP
Page 55 and 56: Pathophysiology of Cervical CancerI
Page 57 and 58: Pathophysiology of Cervical CancerR
Page 59 and 60: FOURTALKING WITH WOMEN ABOUTCERVICA
Page 61 and 62: Talking with Women About Cervical C
Page 69 and 70: FIVEPREVENTING INFECTIONS INHEALTHC
Page 71 and 72: Preventing Infections in Healthcare
Page 79: SIXCLIENT ASSESSMENT AND VIA TESTIN
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Page 91 and 92: SEVENTREATMENT AND FOLLOWUPBACKGROU
Page 93 and 94: Treatment and Followupregardless of
Page 95 and 96: Treatment and FollowupFigure 7-1. L
Page 97 and 98: Treatment and FollowupTable 7-6. Co
Page 99 and 100: Treatment and FollowupFigure 7-2 is
Page 101 and 102: Treatment and Followup• Regulator
Page 103 and 104: Treatment and FollowupCRYOTHERAPY P
Page 105 and 106: Treatment and FollowupStep 6 Point
Page 107 and 108: Treatment and FollowupNote: When CO
Page 109 and 110: Treatment and FollowupStep 5Advise
Page 111 and 112: Treatment and FollowupBerget A, B A
Page 113 and 114: APPENDIX ATESTS FOR CERVICAL CANCER
Page 115 and 116: Tests for Cervical Cancer Screening
Page 121 and 122: APPENDIX BSCREENING TEST QUALITIES
Page 123 and 124: Screening Test Qualities and Their
Page 125 and 126: APPENDIX CINFECTION PREVENTION PROC
Page 127 and 128: Infection Prevention Processesfor m
Page 129 and 130: Infection Prevention Processeswith
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Infection Prevention ProcessesFigur
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Table C-4. Preparing and Using Chem
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Infection Prevention ProcessesStora
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Infection Prevention Processes• h
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APPENDIX DTECHNICAL OVERVIEW OF THE
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Technical Overview of the Cryothera
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Figure D-5. Removing Protector Tube
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Technical Overview of the Cryothera
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Figure D-11. Gas Cylinder Secured t
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APPENDIX ETROUBLESHOOTING WITH THEC
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Table E-1. Following-Up on Commonly
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APPENDIX FPROCESSING SURGICAL GLOVE
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Processing Surgical GlovesTable F-1
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Processing Surgical GlovesSTEP 10:
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APPENDIX GPERFORMING BREAST AND PEL
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Performing Breast and Pelvic Examin
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Figure G-2. Breast Puckering or Dim
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Figure G-5. Checking for Nipple Dis
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Figure G-18. Speculum in Place with
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APPENDIX HPERCEIVED BARRIERS TO PRO
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AVAILABILITY OF BASIC SUPPLIES AND
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GLOSSARYAcetic AcidAcetowhite Chang
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PatulousSquamocolumnarJunction (SCJ
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ADDITIONAL READINGAlliance for Cerv
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Reference Manual - IARC Screening Group

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