agriculture and food economy in poland

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AGRICULTURE Farm animals are mainly raised in private agricultural holdings, which in 2003 kept 94.3% of the total cattle, including 95% of cows, 91% of pigs and 91% of sheep. In consequence of cattle and sheep stock reduction, animal density per 100 ha of UAA fell. In 2002 animal density was as follows: • cattle – a decrease from 55.1 head/100 ha of UAA in 1988 to 32.6 head/100 ha of UAA in 2002 • sheep – a decrease from 23.4 head/100 ha of UAA in 1988 to 2.0 head/100 ha of UAA in 2002, • horses – a decrease from 5.6 head/100 ha of UAA in 1988 to 1.9 head/100 ha of UAA in 2002 and density of pigs increased per 100 ha of arable land from 135.5 head to 142.6 head. On average, one farm keeps 1.9 head of cattle, 6.4 head of pigs, 0.1 head of sheep, horses and goats, and 67.8 head of all kinds of poultry. Preparations for accession to the EU and the consequent necessity of sanitary and veterinary adjustments in the food processing sector and agricultural holdings alike accelerated the process of concentrating slaughter animals and milk cows’ rearing and as a result led to the elimination of small producers from the market. According to the 2002 General Agricultural Census, 935 200 agricultural holdings were involved in cattle rearing and breeding (i.e. 31.9% of the holdings surveyed of an area from 0.10 ha), of which: - 48.4% kept 1-2 head (44.1% in 1996), - 36.1% kept 3-9 head (44.3%), - 10.2% kept 10-19 head (9.3%), - 5.3% kept 20 and more head (2.3%). As regards pig rearing and breeding, 760 600 agricultural holdings were engaged in it (i.e. 25.9% of the total holdings surveyed), of which: - 24% kept 1-2 head (28.9% in 1996) - 28.8% kept 3-9 head (34.1%) - 19.2% kept 10-19 head (18.5%) - 28% kept 20 and more head (18.5%) Despite an increase in the concentration of domestic animals’ rearing, it remains low and does not damage the environment. Restrictive national regulations on the environmental protection, controls of compliance with such regulations on pig farms and non-issuance of permits to set up large industrial farms held up activities aimed at excessive concentration of pig production. Intensity of animal (particularly pig) rearing varies greatly in particular voivodships. 20
AGRICULTURE Figure 13. Cattle livestock per 100 ha of UAA, by voivodships, in 2003 (head of animals) 42 – 66,1 30 – 41,9 22,0 – 29,9 11,2 – 21,9 Figure 14. Pig livestock per 100 ha of UAA, by voivodships, in 2003 (head of animals) Source: GUS Cattle 33,9 Pigs 115,1 Poland – on average 200 – 262 100 – 199 70 – 99 47 – 69 Average for Poland Productivity of beef cattle and milk cattle is much lower in Poland than the average in the EU-15, whereas that of pigs is at a similar level. According to the 2002 data, yield of beef per head of cattle was on average 278 kg in the EU and 148 kg in Poland, that of pork: 87 kg and 86 kg in the EU and Poland respectively and milk yield per cow was 5 735 litres in the EU and 3 778 litres in Poland. 21 Zachodniopomorskie Lubuskie Wielkopolskie DolnoÊlàskie Zachodniopomorskie Lubuskie Pomorskie Kujawskopomorskie ¸ódzkie Opolskie Âlàskie Wielkopolskie DolnoÊlàskie Pomorskie Kujawskopomorskie Warmiƒskomazurskie Mazowieckie Âwi´tokrzyskie Ma∏opolskie ¸ódzkie Opolskie Âlàskie Podlaskie Lubelskie Podkarpackie Warmiƒskomazurskie Mazowieckie Âwi´tokrzyskie Ma∏opolskie Podlaskie Lubelskie Podkarpackie
Page 1 and 2: MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL D
Page 3 and 4: MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL D
Page 5 and 6: Ladies and Gentlemen, Traditionally
Page 7 and 8: INFORMATION ABOUT POLAND General in
Page 9 and 10: INFORMATION ABOUT POLAND The rainfa
Page 11 and 12: AGRICULTURE General information on
Page 13 and 14: AGRICULTURE Between 1990 and 2003 c
Page 15 and 16: AGRICULTURE Within the whole period
Page 17 and 18: Although farms of over 10 ha consti
Page 19 and 20: AGRICULTURE Figure 10. Structure of
Page 21 and 22: AGRICULTURE to 2 400 farms) and fie
Page 23 and 24: AGRICULTURE as 79% on the previous
Page 25: Fruit and vegetables are produced a
Page 29 and 30: Organic farming AGRICULTURE Food pr
Page 31 and 32: The number of organic farms has bee
Page 33 and 34: AGRICULTURE In Poland, there is a l
Page 35 and 36: AGRICULTURE Figure 19. Agricultural
Page 37 and 38: AGRICULTURE Organisation of the agr
Page 39 and 40: FOOD INDUSTRY General information a
Page 41 and 42: FOOD INDUSTRY animals for slaughter
Page 43 and 44: The quantity of goods produced by t
Page 45 and 46: Programme PD˚, Try Fine Food FOOD
Page 47 and 48: FOOD INDUSTRY Guaranteed certificat
Page 49 and 50: General Information on Fisheries FI
Page 51 and 52: Following 1990, the pattern of mari
Page 53 and 54: FISHERIES As in the agri-food proce
Page 55 and 56: General information on trade in agr
Page 57 and 58: Among the European Union member sta
Page 59 and 60: Export In 2003 exports of processed
Page 61 and 62: Table 20. Exports of processed plan
Page 63 and 64: NATIONAL SUPPORT INSTRUMENTS So far
Page 65 and 66: programme, whose implementation was
Page 67 and 68: EUROPEAN UNION ASSISTANCE 1991 was
Page 69 and 70: AGRICULTURAL POLICY Poland signed w
Page 71 and 72: AGRICULTURAL POLICY Rural Areas Dev
Page 73 and 74: AGRICULTURAL POLICY 12 months of as
Page 75 and 76: AGRICULTURAL CENTRAL AND LOCAL SELF
Page 77 and 78:
AGRICULTURAL CENTRAL AND LOCAL SELF
Page 79 and 80:
ADDRESSES Adresses of institutions
Page 81 and 82:
NOTES 75
Page 84:
ISSN 1427-0757
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agriculture and food economy in poland

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