agriculture and food economy in poland

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AGRICULTURAL CENTRAL AND LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS significant part of such revenues was allocated for the repayment of commitments taken over worth almost PLN 2 billion. At present, a large part of funds from the APA Resource privatisation is channelled to the national budget, Labour Fund and Agricultural Market Agency. On 16 July 2003, the Law on agricultural structure entered into force. Its provisions lay down new Agency’s tasks and instruments to implement such tasks. These provisions enable the Agency to control that part of trade in agricultural property that has been beyond its control so far and to intervene, if necessary, to achieve the Law objectives, i.e. to improve the agrarian structure of agricultural holdings, to counteract excessive concentration of agricultural property and to ensure farming in agricultural holdings by persons with appropriate qualifications. Through such objectives the provision of Article 23 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland is enforced; pursuant to it the basis of the agricultural structure in Poland is a family farm. The Agency can supervise trade in agricultural property thanks to new rights it was granted, i.e. the pre-emption right (in the case of sale agreements) and the so called buyout right (for other agreements transferring ownership of agricultural property). The pre-emption and buyout rights are not applicable, among other things, to transfer of agricultural property resulting in enlargement of a family farm up to 300 ha of UAA and to trade in agricultural property between related persons. In addition to the aforementioned tasks, the Agency performs ownership functions in crops breeding companies and animal breeding companies indicated by the Minister of Agriculture as particularly important for the national economy. Currently, APA exercises ownership right in relation to 59 such companies. By the end of May 200, in performance of its statutory tasks the Agency took over 4.7 million ha of land, including 80% from the former state-owned farms (PPGR) of an average area of 2 250 ha. So far 1.7 million ha of land has been permanently distributed, of which 1.4 million ha has been sold. At present there is 3 million ha in the Agency Resource, of which 2.4 million ha of land (78%) has been leased. There is still 504 000 ha of land to be distributed, largely of little agricultural usability. The property taken over by the Agency from the former PPGR included objects of a special character such as food processing plants as well as manor houses and palaces with parks. Most of such objects has been sold or rented. In addition, the Agency took over 333 000 flats of which 306 000 have been distributed, primarily via sales to the tenants. At present there is 27 000 flats in the APA Resource. The main method of distributing the property taken over is sale and lease through Agency’s branch and local offices via oral public tenders (auctions) and tenders involving written bids (competition). 70
AGRICULTURAL CENTRAL AND LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS Agricultural Chambers Re-established on the basis of the Law of 1995 (with subsequent amendments), agricultural chambers have an over one hundred years' tradition in Poland. It is a form of common agricultural self-government with a legal status. Members are obligatorily all agricultural tax payers and payers of income tax on specific sectors of agricultural production as well as members of agricultural cooperatives that contribute land to such cooperatives. Statutory bodies of agricultural chambers are elected in a democratic election, and the supreme body, e.g. the General Assembly - in a general election among farmers. Currently, there are 16 voivodship agricultural chambers in Poland. Their activities are aimed at ensuring effectiveness of agricultural production and increasing rural inhabitants’ incomes and improving living standards of the rural population. Such objectives are being pursued by consulting regulations by law concerning agriculture and co-participating in comprehensive activities to improve an economic and production situation. The representation of agricultural chambers at the national level is the National Council of Agricultural Chambers (KRIR) composed of Presidents of chambers and delegates elected by the General Assembly, one delegate from each chamber. Both the National Council and particular chambers co-operate with their counterparts in EU member states and in new EU member states. As a result of foreign cooperation established by agricultural chambers, training and study missions are organised during which exchange of information and experiences between agricultural selfgovernment of particular countries takes place. In particular KRIR has been closely cooperating with French agricultural chambers, e.g. each of the voivodship chambers cooperates with at least one departmental agricultural chamber in France. Such cooperation covers project implementation in particular sectors, improvement of labour organisation, agro-tourism development, exchange of the youth from agricultural schools, etc. An important element of KRIR’s international cooperation is an attempt at providing information on specific features of Polish agriculture to EU farmers. It takes the form of organised trips of EU farmers to Poland during which both achievements and problems of Polish agriculture are presented. For instance, every year KRIR organises missions of agricultural counsellors from the EU member states’ embassies to familiarise them with Polish agriculture. Moreover, KRIR cooperates with pan-national European agricultural institutions. Since the beginning of 1998 the National Council of Agricultural Chambers has been a member of the Confederation of European Agriculture (CEA). From September 2002 it was an associated member of COPA/COGECA and since 1 July it has been a fully fledged member of this organisation (Committee of Agricultural Professional Organisations – COPA and General Committee of Agricultural Cooperatives – COGECA). 71
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MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL D
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MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL D
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Ladies and Gentlemen, Traditionally
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INFORMATION ABOUT POLAND General in
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INFORMATION ABOUT POLAND The rainfa
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AGRICULTURE General information on
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AGRICULTURE Between 1990 and 2003 c
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AGRICULTURE Within the whole period
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Although farms of over 10 ha consti
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AGRICULTURE Figure 10. Structure of
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AGRICULTURE to 2 400 farms) and fie
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AGRICULTURE as 79% on the previous
Page 25 and 26: Fruit and vegetables are produced a
Page 27 and 28: AGRICULTURE Figure 13. Cattle lives
Page 29 and 30: Organic farming AGRICULTURE Food pr
Page 31 and 32: The number of organic farms has bee
Page 33 and 34: AGRICULTURE In Poland, there is a l
Page 35 and 36: AGRICULTURE Figure 19. Agricultural
Page 37 and 38: AGRICULTURE Organisation of the agr
Page 39 and 40: FOOD INDUSTRY General information a
Page 41 and 42: FOOD INDUSTRY animals for slaughter
Page 43 and 44: The quantity of goods produced by t
Page 45 and 46: Programme PD˚, Try Fine Food FOOD
Page 47 and 48: FOOD INDUSTRY Guaranteed certificat
Page 49 and 50: General Information on Fisheries FI
Page 51 and 52: Following 1990, the pattern of mari
Page 53 and 54: FISHERIES As in the agri-food proce
Page 55 and 56: General information on trade in agr
Page 57 and 58: Among the European Union member sta
Page 59 and 60: Export In 2003 exports of processed
Page 61 and 62: Table 20. Exports of processed plan
Page 63 and 64: NATIONAL SUPPORT INSTRUMENTS So far
Page 65 and 66: programme, whose implementation was
Page 67 and 68: EUROPEAN UNION ASSISTANCE 1991 was
Page 69 and 70: AGRICULTURAL POLICY Poland signed w
Page 71 and 72: AGRICULTURAL POLICY Rural Areas Dev
Page 73 and 74: AGRICULTURAL POLICY 12 months of as
Page 75: AGRICULTURAL CENTRAL AND LOCAL SELF
Page 79 and 80: ADDRESSES Adresses of institutions
Page 81 and 82: NOTES 75
Page 84: ISSN 1427-0757
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agriculture and food economy in poland

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